Is OSPF Unpredictable or Just Unexpected?

I was listening to very interesting Future of Networking with Fred Baker a long while ago and enjoyed Fred’s perspectives and historical insight, until unfortunately Greg Ferro couldn’t possibly resist the usual bashing of traditional routing protocols and praising of intent-based (or flow-based or SDN or…) whatever.

Here’s what I understood he said around 35:17

Podcast: Automation, Intent-Based Systems and Everything Else

A while ago Greg Ferro invited me for another fireside chat on Packet Pushers podcast. Hope you’ll enjoy our discussion.

Configuration Templating Could Be a Huge Win

The network automation evangelists love to tell you that automation is more than just device configuration management. They’re absolutely right… but it’s nonetheless amazing how much good you could do with simple tools solving simple problems.

Here’s what I got from Nicky Davey:

Upcoming Webinars: May and June 2018

Another month has swooshed by and it’s time for a refreshed list of upcoming webinars:

• Mitja Robas will explain the basics of NSX and ACI planning and design on April 24th. He has tons of material on this topic – expect to see him quite often in the autumn/winter timeframe;
• Dinesh Dutt will continue the EVPN Technical Deep Dive saga on May 3^rd;
• Christoph Jaggi will run a free webinar on the basics of transport (layer-1/2) and network (layer-3) security on May 10^th;
• We’ll run another SDDC webinar on May 22^nd. More details later…
• On June 5^th Christoph will be back with Ethernet Encryptors Deep Dive;
• The last webinar before the summer break will be Data Center Fabric Troubleshooting with Dinesh Dutt on June 19^th.

All you need to have to attend all these live sessions is a current ipSpace.net webinar subscription.

What Came First: VLANs or VRFs?

One of my friends sent me this question:

Do you remember if VLANs came first or was it VRFs?

I remember VLANs using ISL (pre-802.1q encapsulation) on early Cisco Ethernet switches (mid 90s), the earliest reference I could track down on Wikipedia is from 1988.

Found on the Web: Your CLI Should Be a Server

Guess what I found: a software developer trying to persuade his peers that they need an API version of their CLI tool. Yes, I checked and it’s still 2018, and the year CLI dies seems to be a bit further out than some people thought.

I’d guess this proves that the rest of the world is not so far ahead of us lowly network engineers as blabbering pundits and vendor marketers would have us believe.

Needless to say, the engineers architecting Junos knew this almost 20 years ago.

OpenFabric with Russ White on Software Gone Wild

Continuing the series of data center routing protocol podcasts, we sat down with Russ White (of the CCDE fame), author of another proposal: OpenFabric.

As always, we started with the “what’s wrong with what we have right now, like using BGP as a better IGP” question, resulting in “BGP is becoming the trash can of the Internet”.

Why Can’t We All Use Provider-Independent IPv6 Addresses?

Here’s another back-to-the-fundamentals question I received a while ago when discussing IPv6 multihoming challenges:

I was wondering why enterprise can’t have dedicated block of IPv6 address and ISPs route the traffic to it. Enterprise shall select the ISP's based on the routing and preferences configured?

Let’s try to analyze where the problem might be. First the no-brainers:

Pragmatic Data Center Fabrics

I always love to read the practical advice by Andrew Lerner. Here’s another gem that matches what Brad Hedlund, Dinesh Dutt and myself (plus numerous others) have been saying for ages:

One specific recommendation we make in the research is to “Build a rightsized physical infrastructure by using a leaf/spine design with fixed-form factor switches and 25/100G capable interfaces (that are reverse-compatible with 10G).”

There’s a slight gotcha in that advice: it trades implicit complexity of chassis switches with explicit complexity of fixed-form switches.

Interview: Programmable Infrastructure Is Just a Tool

A while ago I did an interview about programmable infrastructure that got published as an article in mid-March. As you might expect, my main message was “technology will never save you unless you change your processes to adapt to its benefits.”

Hope you’ll enjoy it!

Should I Take CCIE DC or ipSpace.net Data Center Online Course?

Got this question from a networking engineer who couldn’t decide whether to go for CCIE Data Center certification or attend my Building Next-Generation Data Center online course:

I am considering pursuing CCIE DC. I found your Next-Generation DC course very interesting. Now I am bit confused trying to decide whether to start with CCIE DC first and then do your course.

You might be in a similar position, so here’s what I told him.

ipSpace.net Subscription Now Available with PayPal

Every second blue moon someone asks me whether they could buy ipSpace.net subscription with PayPal. So far, the answer has been no.

Recently we started testing whether we could use Digital River to solve a few interesting challenges we had in the past, and as they offer PayPal as a payment option, it seemed to be a perfect fit for a low-volume trial.

The only product that you can buy with PayPal during the trial is the standard subscription – just select PayPal as the payment method during the checkout process.

Finally: the first three subscribers using PayPal will get extra 6 months of subscription.

Worth Reading: The Death of Expertise

Bruno Wollman pointed me to an excellent article on the ignorance of expertise and confidence of the dumb. Here’s the TL&DR summary (but you should really read the whole thing):

• The expert isn’t always right;
• An expert is far more likely to be right than you are;
• Experts come in many flavors – usually you need a combination of education and expertise;
• In any discussion, you have a positive obligation to learn at least enough to make the conversation possible. University of Google doesn’t count;
• While you’re entitled to have an opinion, having a strong opinion isn’t the same as knowing something.

Enjoy ;)

Video: Automatic Diagramming with PowerNSX

Here's a trick question: how often do your Visio diagrams match what's really implemented in your network?

Wouldn't it be great to be able to create or modify them on-the-fly based on what's really configured in the network? That's exactly what Anthony Burke demonstrated in the PowerNSX part of PowerShell for Networking Engineers webinar (source code).

You’ll need at least free ipSpace.net subscription to watch the video.

EVPN Route Target Considerations in EBGP Environment

The proponents of the “let’s run EVPN over EBGP underlay” idea often ignore an interesting challenge: EVPN advocates use of automatically-generated Route Targets, which might not work when every leaf switch uses a different AS number.

I explored this particular can of worms in the EVPN Route Target Considerations section of the Using BGP in a Data Center Leaf-and-Spine Fabric saga.

New in IPv6: The Next Chapter in IPv6 Multihoming Saga

Remember the IPv6 elephant in the room – the inability to do small-site multihoming without NAT (well, NPT66)? IPv6 is old enough to buy its own beer, but the elephant is still hogging the room. Tons of ideas have been thrown around in IETF (mostly based on source address selection tricks), but none of that spaghetti stuck to the wall.

Couldn’t Resist: Cheat-Proofing Certifications

Stumbled upon this paragraph on Russ White’s blog:

I don’t really know how you write a certification that does not allow someone who has memorized the feature guide to do well. How do you test for protocol theory, and still have a broad enough set of test questions that they cannot be photographed and distributed?

As Russ succinctly explained the problem is two-fold:

Container Security through Segregation

One of my readers sent me a container security question after reading the Application Container Security Guide from NIST:

We are considering segregating dev/test/prod environments with bare-metal hardware. I did not find something in the standard concerning this. What should a financial institution do in your opinion?

I am no security expert and know just enough about containers to be dangerous, but there’s a rule that usually works well: use common sense and identify similar scenarios that have already been solved.

Worth Reading: Automation: Easy Button vs Sentient Voodoo Magic Button

I’m always telling network engineers attending my network automation workshops and online courses that there’s no magic bullet or 3-steps-to- success.

You cannot automate a process until you can describe it with enough details so that someone who has absolutely no clue what should be done can execute it.

David Gee published a long (and somewhat ranty) version of that statement. Enjoy!

Video: Tools and Knobs to Use when Tweaking TCP Performance

In the second half of his Networks, Buffers and Drops webinar JR Rivers focused on end systems: what tools could you use to measure end-to-end TCP throughput, or monitor performance of an individual socket or the whole TCP stack?

You’ll need at least free ipSpace.net subscription to watch the video.