The New Strange Behavior for OSPF ‘Redistribute Subnets’
In older IOS Code, there was a specific requirement for redistributing OSPF Subnets. In almost every case, the keyword “subnets” had to be added to the redistribute command.
Older Code Example–
//notice the warning when 'subnets' is omitted R1(config)#router ospf 1 R1(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 1 % Only classful networks will be redistributed //and the configuration is stored exactly as it was typed R1(config-router)#do show run | sec router router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes redistribute eigrp 1 //we can change the behavior by adding 'subnets' R1(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 1 subnets //after adding, it is stored as one would expect R1(config-router)#do show run | sec router router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes redistribute eigrp 1 subnets
When I tested this in VIRL running 15.6(1S) running inside of IOS XE 3.17, the warning goes away. The question I had is whether it is still relevant or not.
Current Code Example–
//without the 'subnets' keyword csr1000v-2(config)#router ospf 1 csr1000v-2(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 1 csr1000v-2(config-router)#do show run | sec router router ospf 1 redistribute eigrp 1 //with the 'subnets' keyword csr1000v-2(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 1 subnets csr1000v-2(config-router)#do show run | sec router router ospf 1 redistribute eigrp 1 subnets
I initially spent some time experimenting with this and thought that ‘subnets‘ had Continue reading
Why we use the Linux kernel’s TCP stack
A recent blog post posed the question Why do we use the Linux kernel's TCP stack?. It triggered a very interesting discussion on Hacker News.
I've also thought about this question while working at CloudFlare. My experience mostly comes from working with thousands of production machines here and I can try to answer the question from that perspective.
CC BY 2.0 image by John Vetterli
Let's start with a broader question - what is the point of running an operating system at all? If you planned on running a single application, having to use a kernel consisting of multiple million lines of code may sound like a burden.
But in fact most of us decide to run some kind of OS and we do that for two reasons. Firstly, the OS layer adds hardware independence and easy to use APIs. With these we can focus on writing the code for any machine - not only the specialized hardware we have at the moment. Secondly, the OS adds a time sharing layer. This allows us to run more than one application at a time. Whether it's a second HTTP server or just a bash session, this ability to share resources Continue reading
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