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Category Archives for "Security"

Security through Community: Introducing the Vendor Security Alliance

Today Docker is proud to announce that we are founding member of the Vendor Security Alliance (VSA), a coalition formed to help organizations streamline their vendor evaluation processes by establishing a standardized questionnaire for appraising a vendor’s security and compliance practices.The VSA was established to solve a fundamental problem: how can IT teams conform to its existing security practices when procuring and deploying third-party components and platforms?

The VSA solves this problem by developing a required set of security questions that will allow vendors to demonstrate to their prospective customers that they are doing a good job with security and data handling. Good security is built on great technology paired with processes and policies. Until today, there was no consistent way to discern if all these things were in place. Doing a proper security evaluation today tends to be a hard, manual process. A large number of key questions come to mind when gauging how well a third-party company manages security.

As an example, these are the types of things that IT teams must be aware of when assessing a vendor’s security posture:

  • Do they securely handle sensitive customer data?
  • Do they have the ability to detect when attacks occur on their Continue reading

SDN Matures – via the Federal Government…

Based on industry research and market assessments such as the most recent from Allied Market Research, we know software-defined networking is growing crazy fast and has a huge upside. The question is…is it maturing to the point the Federal Government will make it a priority?

I think the answer is YES, based on what Lt. Gen. Alan Lynn, director of the Defense Information Systems Agency has said publicly. And, it appears cyber-security is one of the biggest areas he sees SDN helping out. He explains how SDN can provide the ability to create networks on-demand and make them harder to attack.

In order to help Lt. General Lynn, we needed to get past an issue I like to call, “Barrier of Implementation”. The barrier is an approved DISA STIG for SDN. In order for federal agencies to implement a SDN solution it has to go through some sort of security accreditation. Most of all security accreditation rely on DISA STIGs for the checks and balances.

With our announcement yesterday, “VMware Receives STIG-Approval for VMware NSX to Operate on U.S. Department of Defense Networks from Defense Information Systems Agency,” VMware NSX network virtualization became the Continue reading

A Follow Up on SSH Bastion Hosts

This post is a follow-up on my earlier post on using an SSH bastion host. Since that article was published, I’ve gotten some additional information that I wanted to be sure to share with my readers. It’s possible that this additional information may not affect you, but I’ll allow you to make that determination based on your use case and your specific environment.

Agent Forwarding

You may recall that my original article said that you needed to enable agent forwarding, either via the -A command-line switch or via a ForwardAgent line in your SSH configuration file. This is unnecessary. (Thank you to several readers who contacted me about this issue.) I tested this several times using AWS instances, and was able to transparently connect to private instances (instances without a public IP address) via a bastion host without enabling agent forwarding. This is odd because almost every other tutorial I’ve seen or read instructs readers to enable agent forwarding. I’ve not yet determined why this is the case, but I’m going to do some additional testing and I’ll keep readers posted as I learn more.

Note that I’ve updated the original article accordingly.

The “-W” Parameter vs. Netcat

The Continue reading

How Jefferson County’s IT Department Improved Their Security Posture with VMware NSX

Jefferson County, Colorado (“Jeffco”) is a local jurisdiction located against the beautiful Rocky Mountains and adjacent to the state capital in Denver.  Jeffco’s IT jefferson-county-colorado-squarelogo-2organization is charged with meeting the needs not only of the various internal departments of the county, but also of serving its half million residents.

As with most IT departments, Jeffco’s IT team has some key priorities to address, including modernizing application infrastructures and bringing more efficiency to business processes — all while fundamentally enhancing security.  It was these needs that led Jeffco to VMware NSX. “We’re doing as much as we can to simplify our infrastructure, yet provide more security, higher up time, and better performance,” says Matt Alexander, Senior Systems Administrator.

Like many other organizations, Jeffco first considered VMware NSX for micro-segmentation.  Their network had followed the traditional model of data center security: perimeter firewalls, DMZ, internal security zone.  But this legacy security model wasn’t enough.  Jeffco recognized the need to treat all network traffic — regardless of whether it originated inside or outside the data center — as potentially insecure.  “From a micro-segmentation and east-west firewalling perspective, we may have had the ability [in the past] but it was exceptionally expensive with physical Continue reading

What’s the testimonial of passwords?

In this case described by Orin Kerr, the judge asks if entering a password has any testimonial other than "I know the password". Well, rather a lot. A password is content. While it's a foregone conclusion that this encrypted drive here in this case belongs to the suspect, the password may unlock other things that currently cannot be tied to the suspect. Maybe the courts have an answer to this problem, but in case they haven't, I thought I'd address this from a computer-science point of view.


Firstly, we have to address the phrasing of entering a password, rather than disclosing the password. Clearly, the court is interested in only the content of the disk drive the password decrypts, and uninterested in the password itself. Yet, entering a password is the same as disclosing it. Technically, there's no way to enter a password in such a way that it can't be recorded. I don't know the law here, and whether courts would protect this disclosure, but for the purposes of this blog post, "entering" is treated the same as "disclosing".

Passwords have content. This paper focuses on one real, concrete example, but let's consider some hypothetical cases first.

Continue reading

Technology Short Take #71

Welcome to Technology Short Take #71! As always, I have a list of links related to various data center technologies found below; hopefully something here proves useful.

Networking

Servers/Hardware

Security

So Your Username and Password Where in a Data Dump. Now What?

Whether it’s Dropbox, LinkedIn, MySpace, PlayStation, or whatever the latest breach happens to be, it’s almost inevitable that you will be caught up in one of these breaches and have your username, password and possibly other information exposed in a data dump. Here’s how to respond when that happens.

How Does This Happen?

A data dump is what often happens after a website has been breached and information about that site’s users/customers is stolen. All that stolen data is often “dumped” on the Internet for all to see. Once the data is dumped, it’s at that point that all this information becomes public and along with it, your information.

Sometimes, as in the case of the Ashely Madison dump, that information can be personally damaging. Other times the information is limited to usernames and passwords.

This article is going to focus on how to respond if your username and password are part of a data dump.

Step 1 – Reset Your Password

This is obvious, but go and change your password. Do it right now, before something comes along and distracts you. Even if you’re a security concious person and you’re using Two-Factor Authentication Continue reading

SSH Agent on OS X

There’s a lot of information on the intertoobs about getting ssh-agent “working” in OS X and even more articles about when and how the stock behavior of ssh-agent changed (mostly with respect to how ssh-agent interacted with the Keychain).

This article doesn’t cover or care about any of that.

This article is concerned with:

  • Enabling ssh-agent in such a way that I can “ssh-add” in one terminal window and that same agent (and the loaded keys) is available in all of my other terminal windows.
  • Enabling use of ssh-agent from MacPorts and/or Homebrew and not the older ssh-agent that OS X ships with in /usr/bin.
  • To avoid having to put my keys in the Keychain (just a matter of preference).

Compatibility

Beware, reader. There’s an awful lot of outdated, inaccurate information out there on how to modify ssh-agent behavior on OS X. Guess what? OS X changes from version to version! Many articles out there cater to older versions of the OS and are either no longer applicable (due to changes in OS X behavior) or plain don’t work (due to functional changes in the software).

The steps below have been tested with OS X El Capitan (10.11).

What’s Continue reading

Multi-site with Cross-VC NSX: Consistent Security and Micro-segmentation Across Sites

Several posts have been written prior on multi-site with Cross-VC NSX describing the fundamentals, use cases, deployment models, and flexibility Cross-VC NSX provides. In this post, we focus on the security benefits of a multi-site Cross-VC NSX solution.

Prior Cross-VC NSX Blogs:
Cross-VC NSX: Multi-site Deployments with Ease and Flexibility
NSX-V: Multi-site Options and Cross-VC NSX Design Guide
Enhanced Disaster Recovery with Cross-VC NSX and SRM
Cross-VC NSX for Multi-site Solutions

So, why multi-site with Cross-VC NSX? The following five reasons should be enough for you to seriously consider Cross-VC NSX as a solution for your multi-site needs:

1.) Centralized Management
Centralized management of security policies across multiple vCenter domains/sites. You have one central location to configure security policies and only write the security policy once, which is then applied across all vCenter domains/sites.

Figure 1 Central Management of Security Policies Across Sites from Primary NSX Manager

Figure 1 Central Management of Security Policies Across Sites from Primary NSX Manager


2.) Consistent Security Across vCenter Domains/Sites
Consistent security policies across vCenter domains/sites provided automatically by Cross-VC NSX enables enhanced workload mobility. Security policies are configured on the primary NSX Manager and automatically synced to the secondary NSX Managers providing for uniform security across all sites.

Figure 2 Consistent Security Across Sites with Universal Distributed Firewall

Figure 2 Consistent Security Across Sites Continue reading

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