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Category Archives for "Virtualization"

Run a script on virtual machines when the host is shut down

I want to show you how to configure a host server so, when it is shut down, it executes a script that runs commands on any running virtual machines before the host tries to stop them. I will configure the host server to wait until the script completes configuring the virtual machines before continuing with the shutdown process, shutting down the virtual machines, and eventually powering off.

I had to learn how Systemd service unit configuration files work and some more details about how Libvirt is configured in different Linux distributions. Read on to see the solution, plus some details about how to test the solution in Ubuntu and CentOS.

Solution Summary

Create a new Systemd service named graceful-shutdown that runs a script when the host system shuts down, but before Libvirt shuts down any virtual machines. Ensure that the libvirt-guests service is already started and enabled, and is configured appropriately.

The graceful-shutdown.service unit configuration file

Create a new Systemd unit configuration file named graceful-shutdown.service and save it in the directory, /etc/systemd/system, where it is advised you put custom configuration files.

For example:

# vi /etc/systemd/system/graceful-shutdown.service

Enter the following text into the file, then save it:

 Continue reading

VMware Cloud on AWS: NSX and Avi Networks Load Balancing and Security

Authors and Contributors

I want to thank both Bhushan Pai, and Matt Karnowski, who joined VMware from the Avi Networks acquisition, for helping with the Avi Networks setup in my VMware Cloud on AWS lab and helping with some of the details in this blog.

Humair Ahmed, Sr. Technical Product Manager, VMware NSBU
Bhushan Pai, Sr. Technical Product Manager, VMware NSBU
Matt Karnowski , Product Line Manager, VMware NSBU

With the recent acquisition of Avi Networks, a complete VMware solution leveraging advanced load balancing and Application Delivery Controller (ADC) capabilities can be leveraged. In addition to load balancing, these capabilities include global server load balancing, web application firewall (WAF) and advanced analytics and monitoring.

In this blog, we walk through an example of how the Avi Networks load balancer can be leveraged within a VMware Cloud on AWS software-defined data center (SDDC).

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VMware Cloud on AWS: NSX Networking and Security eBook

Check out my latest book co-authored with my colleagues Gilles Chekroun (@twgilles) and Nico Vibert (@nic972) on VMware NSX networking and security in VMware Cloud on AWS. Thank you Tom Gillis (@_tomgillis), Senior Vice President/General Manager, Networking and Security Business Unit for writing the foreword and providing some great insight.

Download the eBook for Free

I’ve been very fortunate to have the opportunity to publish my second VMware Press book. My first book was VMware NSX Multi-site Solutions and Cross-vCenter NSX Design: Day 1 Guide. This book was focused very much on NSX on prem and across multiple sites. In my latest book with Gilles and Nico, the focus was on NSX networking and security in the cloud and cloud/hybrid cloud solutions.

You can download the free ebook here:

In this book you’ll learn how VMware Cloud on AWS with NSX networking and security provides a robust cloud/hybrid cloud solution. With VMware Cloud on AWS extending or moving to the cloud is no longer a daunting task. In this book, we discuss use cases and solutions while also providing a detailed walkthrough of Continue reading

Service Mesh: The Next Step in Networking for Modern Applications

By Bruce Davie, CTO, Asia Pacific & Japan

What’s New in the World of Networking

As I’m currently preparing my breakout session for VMworld 2019, I’ve been spending plenty of time looking into what’s new in the world of networking. A lot of what’s currently happening in networking is driven by the requirements of modern applications, and in that context it’s hard to miss the rise of service mesh. I see service mesh as a novel approach to meeting the networking needs of applications, although there is rather more to it than just networking.

There are about a dozen talks at VMworld this year that either focus on service mesh or at least touch on it – including mine – so I thought it would be timely to comment on why I think this technology has appeared and what it means for networking.

To be clear, there are a lot of different ways to implement a service mesh today, of which Istio – an open-source project started at Google – is probably the most well-known. Indeed some people use Istio as a synonym for service mesh, but the broader use of the term rather than a particular implementation is my Continue reading

Avi Networks Now Part of VMware

By Tom Gillis, SVP/GM of Networking and Security BU

When we first announced our intent to acquire Avi Networks, the excitement within our customer base, with industry watchers and within our own business was overwhelming. IDC analysts wrote, “In announcing its intent to acquire software ADC vendor Avi Networks, VMware both enters the ADC market and transforms its NSX datacenter and multicloud network-virtualization overlay (NVO) into a Layer 2-7 full-stack SDN fabric (1).”

Avi possesses exceptional alignment with VMware’s view of where the network is going, and how data centers must evolve to operate like public clouds to help organizations reach their full digital potential. It’s for these reasons that I am happy to announce VMware has closed the acquisition of Avi Networks and they are now officially part of the VMware family going forward.

I’ve heard Pat Gelsinger say many times that VMware wants to aggressively “automate everything.” With Avi, we’re one step closer to meeting this objective. The VMware and Avi Networks teams will work together to advance our Virtual Cloud Network vision, build out our full stack L2-7 services, and deliver the public cloud experience for on-prem environments. We will introduce the Avi platform Continue reading

VMware Cloud on AWS SDDC 1.7: New NSX Features

The latest version of VMware Cloud on AWS SDDC (SDDC Version 1.7) was released recently and is being rolled out to customers. In this post, I’ll discuss the new NSX Networking and Security features.

Looking at the features released in VMware Cloud on AWS SDDC 1.7 in the below diagram, we can see the features can be grouped into three categories: Connectivity, Services, and Operations. Further below I go into more detail in each of these specific NSX features. For a complete list of all new features in VMware Cloud on AWS SDDC 1.7 in general, check out the release notes here.  Continue reading

Security group support in OVN external networks

In this post I will introduce and showcase how security groups can be used to enable certain scenarios.

Security groups allow fine-grained access control to - and from - the oVirt VMs attached to external OVN networks.

The Networking API v2 defines security groups as a white list of rules - the user specifies in it which traffic is allowed. That means, that when the rule list is empty, neither incoming nor outgoing traffic is allowed (from the VMs perspective).

A demo recording of the security group feature can be found below.

here.

Provided tools

This repo adds tools, and information on how to use them, to help manage the security groups in oVirt, since currently there is no supported mechanism to provision security groups, other than the REST API, and ManageIQ. ManageIQ also doesn't fully support security groups, since it lacks a way to attach security groups to logical ports.

Demo scenarios

In the following links you can also find playbooks that can be built upon to reach different types of scenarios.

Building Fabric Infrastructure for an OpenStack Private Cloud

An attendee in my Building Next-Generation Data Center online course was asked to deploy numerous relatively small OpenStack cloud instances and wanted select the optimum virtual networking technology. Not surprisingly, every $vendor had just the right answer, including Arista:

We’re considering moving from hypervisor-based overlays to ToR-based overlays using Arista’s CVX for approximately 2000 VLANs.

As I explained in Overlay Virtual Networking, Networking in Private and Public Clouds and Designing Private Cloud Infrastructure (plus several presentations) you have three options to implement virtual networking in private clouds:

Read more ...

A Simple Virtual Network based on proxy ARP and Policy Based Routing

Introduction Choosing a Virtual networking to connect VMs or Containers across Hosts is always a complicated decision. Most of us would have found the virtual networking on a single VM/Container Host to be very simple, easy to implement and debug. Just plug the VM/Container to a bridge and your are done. For access from the … Continue reading A Simple Virtual Network based on proxy ARP and Policy Based Routing

No surprise performance test

Recently I had a need to deploy some python FLASK based application. Although FLASK has a convenience CLI built-in to run your application while developing the deployment documentation provided a bunch of production ready deployment method. After going through the various documentation and learning about the event loop based implementation of Gevent, I decided to … Continue reading No surprise performance test

Automating NSX-T

An attendee of our Building Network Automation Solutions online course decided to automate his NSX-T environment and sent me this question:

I will be working on NSX-T quite a lot these days and I was wondering how could I automate my workflow (lab + production) to produce a certain consistency in my work.
I’ve seen that VMware relies a lot on PowerShell and I’ve haven’t invested a lot in that yet … and I would like to get more skills and become more proficient using Python right now.

Always select the most convenient tool for the job, and regardless of personal preferences PowerShell seems to be the one to use in this case.

Read more ...

Test Driving transmission for multi-site file sync

As the industry moves towards more distributed deployment of services, syncing files across multiple location is a problem that often needs to be solved. In the world of file synching there are two algorithms that are outstanding. One being rsync which is a very efficient tool for synching files. It works great when you have … Continue reading Test Driving transmission for multi-site file sync

Cross-vCenter NSX at the Center for Advanced Public Safety

Jason Foster is an IT Manager at the Center for Advanced Public Safety at the University of Alabama. The Center for Advanced Public Safety (CAPS) originally developed a software that provided crash reporting and data analytics software for the State of Alabama. Today, CAPS specializes in custom software mostly in the realm of law enforcement and public safety. They have created systems for many states and government agencies across the country.

Bryan Salek, Networking and Security Staff Systems Engineer, spoke with Jason about network virtualization and what led the Center for Advanced Public Safety to choosing VMware NSX Data Center and what the future holds for their IT transformation.

 

The Need for Secure and Resilient Infrastructure

As part of a large modernize data center initiative, the forward-thinking CAPS IT team began to investigate micro-segmentation. Security is a primary focus at CAPS due to the fact that the organization develops large software packages for various state agencies. The applications that CAPS writes and builds are hosted together, but contain confidential information and need to be segmented from one another.

Once CAPS rolled out the micro-segmentation use-case, the IT team decided to leverage NSX Data Center for disaster recovery purposes as Continue reading

Last Week on ipSpace.net (2019W4)

The crazy pace of webinar sessions continued last week. Howard Marks continued his deep dive into Hyper-Converged Infrastructure, this time focusing on go-to-market strategies, failure resiliency with replicas and local RAID, and the eternal debate (if you happen to be working for a certain $vendor) whether it’s better to run your HCI code in a VM and not in hypervisor kernel like your competitor does. He concluded with the description of what major players (VMware VSAN, Nutanix and HPE Simplivity) do.

On Thursday I started my Ansible 2.7 Updates saga, describing how network_cli plugin works, how they implemented generic CLI modules, how to use SSH keys or usernames and passwords for authentication (and how to make them secure), and how to execute commands on network devices (including an introduction into the gory details of parsing text outputs, JSON or XML).

The last thing I managed to cover was the cli_command module and how you can use it to execute any command on a network device… and then I ran out of time. We’ll continue with sample playbooks and network device configurations on February 12th.

You can get access to both webinars with Standard ipSpace.net subscription.

Federate oVirt engine authentication to OpenID Connect infrastructure

In this post I will introduce how to integrate OIDC with oVirt engine using Keycloak and LDAP user federation.

Prerequisites: I assume you have already setup the 389ds directory server, but the solution is very similar for any other LDAP provider. As OIDC is not integrated into oVirt directly, we use Apache to do the OIDC authentication for us. The mod_auth_openidc module nicely covers all needed functionality.

Overview

Integrate with external OpenID Connect Identity Provider (IDP) to provide Single Sign-On (SSO) across products that use the IDP for authenticating users. We currently have oVirt SSO for providing unified authentication across Administrator and VM portals. The oVirt engine SSO also provides tokens for REST API clients and supports bearer authentication to reuse tokens to access oVirt engine RESTAPI. With external IDP integration the internal oVirt SSO is disabled and browser users will be redirected to the external IDP for authentication. After successful authentication users can access both Admin and VM portals as they normally do. REST API clients don't have to change, they can still obtain a token from engine SSO and use the token for bearer authentication to access oVirt engine RESTAPI. Engine SSO acts as a proxy obtaining the Continue reading

oVirt and OKD

This is a series of posts to demonstrate how to install OKD 3.11 on oVirt and what you can do with it. Part I - How to install OKD 3.11 on oVirt

How to install OKD 3.11 on oVirt (4.2 and up)

Installing OKD or Kubernetes on oVirt has many advantages, and it's also gotten a lot easier these days. Admins and users who want to take container platform management for a spin, on oVirt, will be encouraged by this.
Few of the advantages are:

  • Virtualizing the control plane for Kubernetes - provide HA/backup/affinity capabilities to the controllers and allowing hardware maintenance cycles
  • Providing persistent volume for containers via the IAAS, without the need for additional storage array dedicated to Kubernetes
  • Allowing a quick method to build up/tear down Kubernetes clusters, providing hard tenancy model via VMs between clusters.

The installation uses openshift-ansible and, specifically the openshift_ovirt ansible-role. The integration between OpenShift and oVirt is tighter, and provides storage integration. If you need persistent volumes for your containers you can get that directly from oVirt using ovirt-volume-provisioner and ovirt-flexvolume-driver.
For the sake of simplicity, this example will cover an all-in-one OpenShift cluster, on a single VM.
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