Advertising Bogons (Or Was I?)

Been a while since I did a “War Stories” post - here’s one about a routing policy I screwed up recently. Gave me a fright that I’d really messed something up, but in the end it was no big deal, and it taught me something about who uses route collector info.

Uh-oh…we’re announcing bogons?

While looking at bgp.he.net/AS32590 for something unrelated, I saw this:

Investigating more, it tells me this:

What the hell is going on? We should never be announcing bogon ranges to any peer. I rushed off to check some of our peering sessions, e.g

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lindsayh@rtr> show route advertising-protocol bgp 86.104.125.69

inet.0: 1009955 destinations, 8974886 routes (1008431 active, 2 holddown, 2770 hidden)
  Prefix		  Nexthop	       MED     Lclpref    AS path
* 155.133.226.0/24        Self                                    I
* 155.133.229.0/24        Self                                    I
* 155.133.250.0/24        Self                                    I
* 162.254.197.0/24        Self                                    I

We’re just advertising the normal set of prefixes I expect at that site. Defintely not advertising anything unusual to HE. So why do they think we’re advertising bogons?

Hmmm…Cloudflare Radar also says we’re announcing junk. Must Continue reading

Internet Evolution

Monitor Docker Containers Across Servers With Beszel

How many machines do you have on your network that run Docker containers? One? Two? 20? Now, how are those machines and containers performing? How quickly can you log into those machines and run the necessary commands to suss out that information? Even better, do you know the commands required to do this? What if I told you you could deploy a container on one machine and then deploy agents on every server you need to monitor? And what if I told you this could all be done via Docker, and it’s really easy? The end result is a single dashboard that gives you quick access to resource usage for those machines used for your container deployments. That container is called

HN804: How Prisma SASE Builds on Public Clouds for Scale, Resiliency (Sponsored)

Hedge 287: IPv6 in Planned Economies

Do planned economies, like China, have an advantage in deploying IPv6? What do the numbers on the DFZ show? George Michaelson joins Russ and Tom to discuss.

download

TNO049: Automated Network Testing and Validation

DIY BYOIP: a new way to Bring Your Own IP prefixes to Cloudflare

When a customer wants to bring IP address space to Cloudflare, they’ve always had to reach out to their account team to put in a request. This request would then be sent to various Cloudflare engineering teams such as addressing and network engineering — and then the team responsible for the particular service they wanted to use the prefix with (e.g., CDN, Magic Transit, Spectrum, Egress). In addition, they had to work with their own legal teams and potentially another organization if they did not have primary ownership of an IP prefix in order to get a Letter of Agency (LOA) issued through hoops of approvals. This process is complex, manual, and  time-consuming for all parties involved — sometimes taking up to 4–6 weeks depending on various approvals. 

Well, no longer! Today, we are pleased to announce the launch of our self-serve BYOIP API, which enables our customers to onboard and set up their BYOIP prefixes themselves.

With self-serve, we handle the bureaucracy for you. We have automated this process using the gold standard for routing security — the Resource Public Key Infrastructure, RPKI. All the while, we continue to ensure the best quality of service by Continue reading

Lab: Adjust IS-IS Timers

Like any other routing protocol, IS-IS has several timers you can tweak to improve the convergence speed of your network, or make your network unstable (eventually breaking it completely) if you reduce them too much (if you care about fast convergence, you REALLY SHOULD use BFD).

You’ll find more details (and the opportunity to tweak the timers in a safe environment) in the Adjust IS-IS Timers lab exercise.

Click here to start the lab in your browser using GitHub Codespaces (or set up your own lab infrastructure). After starting the lab environment, change the directory to feature/6-timers and execute netlab up.

What’s New in Calico – Fall 2025 Release

Simplify, Secure, and Scale Your Infrastructure

As organizations scale Kubernetes and hybrid infrastructures, many are realizing that more tools don’t mean better security. A recent Microsoft report found that organizations with 16+ point solutions see 2.8x more data security incidents than those with fewer tools. Yet platform teams are still expected to deliver resilience and performance across containers, VMs, and bare metal, often while juggling fragmented tools that introduce risk, downtime, and complexity.

The Fall 2025 release of Calico Enterprise and Calico Cloud cuts through that complexity. Its new features are designed to make your infrastructure more resilient, performant, and observable—right out of the box. From disaster recovery automation to modern data plane support and application traffic handling, these updates empower platform engineers to simplify operations while meeting strict reliability requirements.

The new features in this release can be grouped into two main categories:

1. Resilient, High-Performance Networking and Improved Quality of Service:

• • High availability (HA) management planes for VM and bare metal hosts – Increases resiliency and helps reduce downtime.
  • The official release (GA) of the nftables dataplane -Delivers faster and more scalable rule-processing than iptables.
  • Maglev-Based Session Affinity – Maintain stable network traffic flow during failures Continue reading

IPB187: IPv6 RFC Updates

N4N042: Meet MACsec

Async QUIC and HTTP/3 made easy: tokio-quiche is now open-source

A little over 6 years ago, we presented quiche, our open source QUIC implementation written in Rust. Today we’re announcing the open sourcing of tokio-quiche, our battle-tested, asynchronous QUIC library combining both quiche and the Rust Tokio async runtime. Powering Cloudflare’s Proxy B in Apple iCloud Private Relay and our next-generation Oxy-based proxies, tokio-quiche handles millions of HTTP/3 requests per second with low latency and high throughput. tokio-quiche also powers Cloudflare Warp’s MASQUE client, replacing our WireGuard tunnels with QUIC-based tunnels, and the async version of h3i.

quiche was developed as a sans-io library, meaning that it implements the state machine required to handle the QUIC transport protocol while not making any assumptions about how its user intends to perform IO. This means that, with enough elbow grease, anyone can write an IO integration with quiche! This entails connecting or listening on a UDP socket, managing sending and receiving UDP datagrams on that socket while feeding all network information to quiche. Given we need this integration to be async, we’d have to do all this while integrating with an async Rust runtime. tokio-quiche does all of that for you, no grease required.

Extract audio from your videos with Cloudflare Stream

Cloudflare Stream loves video. But we know not every workflow needs the full picture, and the popularity of podcasts highlights how compelling stand-alone audio can be. For developers, processing a video just to access audio is slow, costly, and complex. 

What makes video so expensive? A video file is a dense stack of high-resolution images, stitched together over time. As such, it is not just “one file” —  it’s a container of high-dimensional data such as frames per second, resolution, codecs. Analyzing video means traversing time resolution frame rate.

By comparison, an audio file is far simpler. If an audio file consists of only one channel, it is defined as a single waveform. The technical characteristics of this waveform are defined by the sample rate (the number of audio samples taken per second), and the bit depth (the precision of each sample).

With the rise of computationally intensive AI inference pipelines, many of our customers want to perform downstream workflows that require only analyzing the audio. For example:

• Power AI and Machine Learning: In addition to translation and transcription, you can feed the audio into Voice-to-Text models for speech recognition or analysis, or AI-powered summaries.

• Improve Continue reading

Presentation: Testing Disaster Recovery Designs

Someone asked for my DEEP 2025 presentation (Testing Disaster Recovery Designs). You can download it here (no strings attached). I hope you’ll find it interesting.

D2DO286: Scaling Kubernetes Across Clouds – Identity, DNS, and Security

PP085: News Roundup – Naked Satellite Signals, Account Recovery Buddies, Busting Ghost Networks

Worth Reading 110525

SpaceX has surpassed 10,000 satellite launches in its Starlink programme, following the deployment of 56 additional units on Sunday. The milestone highlights the rapid expansion of satellite-based broadband infrastructure and its increasing role in global connectivity.

While x86 has been dominant for decades, a new migration project at Google represents a significant shift to more mixed architectures.

The proliferation of data centers needed to support AI development, along with myriad announcements to onshore manufacturing supply chains, are leading to surging energy demand.

Ex-CISA head Jen Easterly claims AI could spell the end of the cybersecurity industry, as the sloppy software and vulnerabilities that criminals rely on will be tracked down faster than ever.

But is the AI being used for this actually intelligent or just very, very good at faking it? This is not a new question. American philosopher John Searle came up with the Chinese Room, aka the “Chinese Box” argument, all the way back in 1980. He argued that while a computer could eventually simulate understanding – i.e. it could pass the Turing Test – that doesn’t mean it’s intelligent.

NAN105: Campus Network Automation, Powered by Cisco Agentic Workflows (Sponsored)

How Workers VPC Services connects to your regional private networks from anywhere in the world

In April, we shared our vision for a global virtual private cloud on Cloudflare, a way to unlock your applications from regionally constrained clouds and on-premise networks, enabling you to build truly cross-cloud applications.

Today, we’re announcing the first milestone of our Workers VPC initiative: VPC Services. VPC Services allow you to connect to your APIs, containers, virtual machines, serverless functions, databases and other services in regional private networks via Cloudflare Tunnels from your Workers running anywhere in the world. 

Once you set up a Tunnel in your desired network, you can register each service that you want to expose to Workers by configuring its host or IP address. Then, you can access the VPC Service as you would any other Workers service binding — Cloudflare’s network will automatically route to the VPC Service over Cloudflare’s network, regardless of where your Worker is executing:

export default {
  async fetch(request, env, ctx) {
    // Perform application logic in Workers here	

    // Call an external API running in a ECS in AWS when needed using the binding
    const response = await env.AWS_VPC_ECS_API.fetch("http://internal-host.com");

    // Additional application logic in Workers
    return new Response();
  },
};

Workers VPC is now Continue reading

Worth Reading: AI Won’t Replace Network Engineers

Jason Gintert published an excellent explanation why AI won’t replace (all) network engineers, and reading it, I felt like reading one of my “automation won’t replace network engineers” blog posts.

Here’s a quote to get you in the mood:

AI will make good engineers better and will expose mediocre ones. If your value proposition is memorizing CLI commands or being a human grep for log files, then yes, you might need to be worried.