MUST READ: ChatGPT Is Bullshit

Bogdan Golab sent me a link to an (open access) article in Ethics and Information Technology arguing why ChatGPT is bullshit. Straight from the introduction:

Because these programs cannot themselves be concerned with truth, and because they are designed to produce text that looks truth-apt without any actual concern for truth, it seems appropriate to call their outputs bullshit.

Have fun!

PP021: Critical Vulnerabilities, AI-Assisted Scams, Compromised VPNs, and More Security News

It’s an all-news episode for this week’s Packet Protector podcast. We cover critical vulnerabilities in the MOVEit file transfer software and in thousands of ASUS routers, and a remote code execution vulnerability in a Windows wireless driver that you really should patch. We discuss a Wall Street Journal article about how AI tools are helping... Read more »

HS077: Should IT Lead or Follow?

The evolving role of IT in business is the topic of lively discussion between co-hosts Johna Johnson and John Burke.  Johna argues that IT should align with business goals, acting as an executive assistant, while John believes IT should take a proactive leadership role, driving innovation and framing business problems. They explore the challenges IT... Read more »

Layer 8: A Semantic Networking Layer for the Age of AI

In the most famous line from the classic mockumentary “Spinal Tap,” Nigel Tufnel, the lead guitarist, points to an amplifier and notes the additional number on the dial, saying that it “goes up to 11.” Alas, “this one goes to eight” does not have quite the same ring, but it might be time to use this phrase to describe a new layer of the traditional networking stack — the semantic layer. The addition of Layer 8 is driven by AI applications and their new exigencies. The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model, a conceptual framework that has guided network design and communication for decades, is facing a new challenge in the age of AI. As AI continues to permeate various aspects of technology, including networking, the traditional seven layers of the OSI model may not be sufficient to capture the full requirements and realities of AI-driven networking. Layer 8 is my proposed extension to the OSI model that aims to address the unique requirements and capabilities of AI in the context of networking. Unlike the existing layers, which focus on the technical aspects of data transmission, Layer 8 is concerned with the semantic understanding and intelligent processing of the Continue reading

What’s the Future of Distributed Ledgers?

SEATTLE — Blockchain may no longer be at the peak of its hype cycle, but the technology is still sparking innovation, as real-life use cases emerge. Distributed ledgers (DLTs), for instance, which allow for the secure recording and transfer of digital assets without reliance on a centralized authority, have obvious advantages for financial organizations. DLTs are at the core of an emerging ecosystem built on open source. In this On the Road episode of The New Stack Makers, recorded at Open Source Summit North America, Hedera, and OSSNA keynote talk on DLTs with Alex Williams, founder and publisher of TNS. For DLTs, Baird said, “We have an open source ledger, the blockchain is open source, you can think of it like an operating system that’s open source. You can run programs on top of it that are open source, you can run programs on top of it that are not open source.” The layer built on top of all this is also open source. “We had to come up with an algorithm for how they’re going to talk Continue reading

NB485: A Final FU for Greg

Greg Ferro bids farewell to Network Break, and Drew Conry-Murray and Johna Till Johnson bid farewell to Greg. Of course, the podcast must go on, so we also cover some tech news. First, Nokia acquires optics maker Infinera, Broadcom brings new features to VMware Cloud Foundation (VCF), and campus switch sales drop. A Microsoft subsidiary... Read more »

The Keynote Answers You Expect

Keynote Starfield

Good morning! How are you?

I’d like to talk about keynotes, again. You know, one of my favorite subjects. I’ve been watching them intently for the past few years just hoping that we’re going to see something different. As a technical analyst and practitioner I love to see and hear the details behind the technology that drive the way our IT companies develop. Yet every year I feel more and more disappointed by the way that keynotes take everything and push it into the stratosphere to get an 80,000 foot view of the technology. It’s almost like the keynotes aren’t written for practitioners. Why? The answer lies in the statement at the top of this post.

Perfunctory Performances

When most people ask someone how their day is going they’re not actually looking for a real response. They most certainly aren’t asking for details on how exactly the person’s day is going. They’re usually looking for one of two things:

  1. It’s going great.
  2. It could be better.

Any more than that drags someone down into a conversation that they don’t want to have. Asking someone about their day is a polite way of acknowledging them and making a bit of small Continue reading

Making Segment Routing user-friendly

Segment Routing was supposed to make MPLS easier and give more power to network operators. Sadly, vendors decided to make it harder by selling weird protocols and over-engineered controller bloatware.

MPLS is actually great

Despite some anti-MPLS marketing from SD-WAN …

AWS Networking Fundamentals for Beginners

AWS Networking Fundamentals for Beginners

Welcome to today's blog post where we're focusing on AWS Networking fundamentals. If you're new to AWS or just want to better understand AWS Networking, you've come to the right place.

We'll start by talking about Regions and Availability Zones (AZ). These are the building blocks of AWS infrastructure. Next, we'll cover how to set up your own Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). This will be your private space in the AWS cloud where you can launch resources. From there, we'll discuss subnets, breaking down the difference between public and private ones. Knowing this will help you better plan your network architecture.

To wrap it all up, we'll go through the steps of creating an EC2 instance (Linux server). Not only that, but we'll also walk you through accessing this instance over the Internet. This will give you a full-circle understanding of AWS networking basics.

Audience

If you're brand new to AWS, don't worry. This blog post focuses on AWS basic networking, so having some general networking knowledge is a plus but not a requirement. I'll explain things in clear detail to make sure everyone can follow along.

For those of you who are Network Engineers or familiar with another cloud Continue reading

Netlab Examples in GitHub Codespaces

A few days ago, someone asked me about the IPv4 next-hop details of running interface EBGP sessions. I pointed him to a blog post explaining them, adding, “And of course, you can test that in netlab.” A few minutes later, it hit me: instead of asking him to set up netlab locally, I could enable him to do that in a minute with GitHub codespaces.

Setting that up was easy: copy the .devcontainer directory from the BGP labs repository into the netlab examples repository and commit the change. After a short yak-shaving exercise (writing README files and rearranging a few folders), I successfully started the codespace and was ready for this blog post. There was just one gotcha…

Switching Jobs When You Love Your Current One

Switching Jobs When You Love Your Current One

How many times have you found yourself perfectly comfortable in your current job, only to be tempted by a new opportunity? We’ve all been there. It’s tough to leave a place where you know everyone and everything feels familiar. The new job might turn out to be fantastic, or it could be less than ideal. So, how do we overcome these fears and make the right choice? In this post, I’ll share my own journey, exploring what I learned from my experiences. Hopefully, my story can help you navigate your own career decisions with a bit more confidence.

💡
Please keep in mind that I’m sharing from my own experiences. While I hope you find my insights helpful, it’s important to make decisions based on your personal circumstances. What worked for me might not work for everyone, so consider your unique situation when planning your next career move 🙂

Early in My Career

I kicked off my career back in 2017, filled with an eagerness to learn and make rapid progress. During those early days, I was truly engaged in my work, often pulling long hours because all I could think about was advancing in my field. After spending a Continue reading

Palo Alto Load Partial Configuration

Palo Alto Load Partial Configuration

Hi all, welcome back to yet another Palo Alto Firewall blog. Have you ever wanted to load partial config from one Palo Alto Firewall to another or from a Firewall to Panorama and vice versa? There could be times when you just want to import all address objects from one Firewall to another, for example. We could do this in multiple ways, but there is a simple way of doing this. Let’s get into how you can achieve this with just a few steps.

To demonstrate this, I have a firewall and Panorama. On the firewall, there are a few address objects, address groups, and a security policy that I want to import into Panorama, inside a specific device group. Let’s walk through the steps.

  1. Export the configuration - Start by exporting the configuration from the firewall.
  2. Import it to Panorama - Next, import that configuration into Panorama.
  3. Identify the XPath of the objects - You'll need to find where the objects you want to copy are located in both the firewall and Panorama. Keep in mind, the XPath for these objects might be slightly different between the firewall and Panorama.
  4. Copy them over with a command - Finally, run Continue reading

How to Create Custom Jinja2 Filters?

How to Create Custom Jinja2 Filters?

Hi everyone, welcome back to another blog post on Jinja2 and Python. I'm not an expert in Jinja2; I know enough to get by and I'm always learning new things. I'm familiar with using Jinja2's built-in filters like upper, lower, and capitalize, but just a few days ago, I discovered something new. I can make my own filters! It was a real "wow, how did I not know that?" moment. In this post, let's dive into an example of how to do just that.

Generating Cisco Interface Configurations with Jinja2 Template
In this blog post, we will explore the process of generating Cisco interface configurations using Python and Jinja2. An interface configuration can vary depending on
How to Create Custom Jinja2 Filters?

A Very Simple Example

Let's break down a very simple example of creating a custom Jinja2 filter. First, you need to understand the basic steps and the syntax involved. To start, you'll need to define a custom filter function in Python. This function will take an input, manipulate it as you specify, and return the modified output. In our example, the custom function will convert text to uppercase and add three exclamation marks at the end.

from  Continue reading

Oracle OCI Traffic Mirroring and Monitoring: VTAP Implementation and Analysis

Disclaimer: All writings and opinions are my own and are interpreted solely from my understanding. Please contact the concerned support teams for a professional opinion, as technology and features change rapidly.

My name is Stephen King, and you are reading my novel. Absolutely Not! He is the most incredible author of all time! And you are reading my blog! One of my many, many, many interests is traffic mirroring and monitoring in public clouds, especially inter-VCN/VPC traffic. Traffic from an instance is mirrored and sent for any analysis, whether regulatory or troubleshooting. I quickly set up something in my OCI; the results and learnings are fascinating.

TLDR: Traffic Mirroring and Monitoring in Oracle OCI using VTAPs

The diagram shows a sample implementation of a VTAP. Reference: https://docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/vtap.htm

Topology and a refresher

IGW helps us connect to the Internet, NLB helps us send traffic to VTAP-HOST mirrored from VTAP, and a DRG helps us communicate with other VCNs.

What is the end goal? Mirror and send all the traffic from Host-1 with IP 192.168.1.6 to VTAP-Host for further analysis.

Below is generated by OCI Network Visualiser, which is very cool.

A few things Continue reading