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Category Archives for "Networking"

Cybersecurity Lessons Learned from the 9/11 Commission Report

Cybersecurity and IT professionals would be wise to review the findings of the 9/11 Commission report published in 2004. The report provides a comprehensive analysis of events surrounding the attacks and points to a number of systemic problems in several areas: Management. “The missed opportunities to thwart the 9/11 plot were symptoms of a broader inability to adapt the way government manages problems to the new challenges of the twenty-first century… Management should have ensured that information was shared and duties were clearly assigned across agencies, and across the foreign-domestic divide.” The chain of command. “At more senior levels, communication was poor. Senior military and FAA leaders had no effective communication with each other. The chain of command did not function well.” Emergency response. “Effective decision making in New York was hampered by problems in command and control and in internal communications. Within the Fire Department of New York, this was true for several reasons: the magnitude of the incident was unforeseen; commanders had difficulty communicating with their units; more units were actually dispatched than were ordered by the chiefs; some units self-dispatched; and once units arrived at the World Trade Center, they were neither comprehensively accounted for Continue reading

The story of one latency spike

A customer reported an unusual problem with our CloudFlare CDN: our servers were responding to some HTTP requests slowly. Extremely slowly. 30 seconds slowly. This happened very rarely and wasn't easily reproducible. To make things worse all our usual monitoring hadn't caught the problem. At the application layer everything was fine: our NGINX servers were not reporting any long running requests.

Time to send in The Wolf.

He solves problems.

Following the evidence

First, we attempted to reproduce what the customer reported—long HTTP responses. Here is a chart of of test HTTP requests time measured against our CDN:

We ran thousands of HTTP queries against one server over a couple of hours. Almost all the requests finished in milliseconds, but, as you can clearly, see 5 requests out of thousands took as long as 1000ms to finish. When debugging network problems the delays of 1s, 30s are very characteristic. They may indicate packet loss since the SYN packets are usually retransmitted at times 1s, 3s, 7s, 15, 31s.

Blame the network

At first we thought the spikes in HTTP load times might indicate some sort of network problem. To be sure we ran ICMP pings against two IPs over many Continue reading

Home IoT security could come from a glowing rock next year

An Internet of Things security startup thinks it can reduce the complexity of a home full of connected devices to three colors: red, orange, and green. Those colors will glow from a wireless orb that looks like a smooth river rock and is small enough to fit in your hand. But it's what is behind this friendly bit of decor that will make the colors meaningful. The San Francisco startup, Dojo-Labs, makes a network security device that plugs into your home Internet gateway and talks to a cloud-based service. It's all managed through a smartphone app.  Dojo aims for nothing less than protecting a consumer's entire collection of home IoT gear against cyber attacks. It plans to do that by monitoring all devices around the clock for odd behaviors and then either alerting the user and fixing the problem (orange light) or telling the user there's something they need to do (red light). When everything's fine, it will show a green light. The orb is wireless, battery-powered and controlled by Dojo's client device via Bluetooth.To read this article in full or to leave a comment, please click here

Dell-EMC deal will ‘set back innovation,’ says Sun co-founder Vinod Khosla

While he thinks Dell buying EMC makes sense financially, Sun Microsystems co-founder Vinod Khosla has little faith in the merged company's ability to innovate."EMC and Dell merging is a really good financial move for Michael, but it will set back innovation and distract from innovation," said Khosla, now a prominent venture capitalist, in an onstage interview at the Structure conference in San Francisco on Wednesday.MORE: Hottest Black Friday Windows dealsAsked about the future for old-line technology companies like Cisco, IBM and Dell, Khosla was pessimistic. In his view, only about half of those tech titans will stick around in the future. What's more, he said, innovation from those companies has been seriously lacking.To read this article in full or to leave a comment, please click here

DMVPN Split Default Routing and Internet Access

One of the engineers listening to my DMVPN webinars sent me a follow-up question (yes, I always try to reply to them) asking how to implement direct Internet access from the spoke sites (aka local exit) in combination with split default routing you have to use in DMVPN Phase 2 or Phase 3 networks.

It’s really simple: either you have a design requirement that requires split default routing, or you don’t.

Read more ...

What did you Expect? Part 5, Basic Error Handling.

In the first four parts of What did you Expect, we covered the basics of getting started with automating interactions for network equipment.  In the first few posts it was important have a networking environment that  was 100% stable.  The last thing I needed when I was trying to learn to use python to automate network …

Hacking group that hit South Korea may be at it again with new target

A hacking group that crippled South Korean banks, government websites and news agencies in early 2013 may be active again, Palo Alto Networks said Wednesday.The firewall maker said it found strong similarities between malware used in a recent attack in Europe and that used in the South Korean attacks, referred to as Dark Seoul and Operation Troy.The organization in Europe that was attacked was likely a victim of spear-phishing, where an email with a malware attachment or a harmful link is sent to hand-picked employees.The malware had been wrapped into legitimate video player software that was hosted by an industrial control systems company, wrote Bryan Lee and Josh Grunzweig of Palo Alto in a blog post. The code appears to be the same as the malware used in the Dark Seoul attacks although without the destructive component that wipes hard drives.To read this article in full or to leave a comment, please click here

Damballa finds tools related to the malware that hit Sony

Security company Damaballa said it has found two utilities that are closely related to capabilities seen in the destructive malware that hit Sony Pictures Entertainment last year. The utilities were discovered as Damballa was investigating a new version of the "Destover" malware, which rendered thousands of computers unusable at Sony after attackers stole gigabytes of sensitive company information. One key question in the Sony breach is how the attackers were able to evade security systems. What Damaballa found are two utilities that help mask new files introduced to a system.  "Both utilities would be used during an attack to evade detection while moving laterally through a network to broaden the attack surface," wrote senior threat researchers Willis McDonald and Loucif Kharouni, in a blog post on Wednesday.To read this article in full or to leave a comment, please click here

CCIE Data Center v2.0 Blueprint Announced

Cisco has just announced CCIE Data Center Written and Lab Exam Content Updates.Important dates for the changes are:

  • Last day to test for the v1.0 written – July 22, 2016
  • First day to test for the v2.0 written – July 25, 2016
  • Last day to test for the v1.0 lab – July 22, 2016
  • First day to test for the v2.0 lab – July 25, 2016

Key hardware changes in the v2.0 blueprint are:

  • APIC Cluster
  • Nexus 9300
  • Nexus 7000 w/ F3 Module
  • Nexus 5600
  • Nexus 2300 Fabric Extender
  • UCS 4300 M-Series Servers

Key technical topic changes in the v2.0 blueprint are:

  • VXLAN
  • EVPN
  • LISP
  • Policy Driven Fabric (ACI)

More details to come!

Network virtualization visibility demo

New OVS instrumentation features aimed at real-time monitoring of virtual networks, Open vSwitch 2015 Fall Conference, included a demonstration of real-time visibility into the logical network overlays created by network virtualization, virtual switches, and the leaf and spine underlay carrying the tunneled traffic between hosts.

The diagram above shows the demonstration testbed. It consists of a leaf and spine network connecting two hosts, each of which is running a pair of Docker containers connected to Open vSwitch (OVS). The vSwitches are controlled by Open Virtual Network (OVN), which has been configured to create two logical switches, the first connecting the left most containers on each host and the second connecting the right most containers. The testbed is described in more detail in Open Virtual Network (OVN) and is built from free components and can easily be replicated.


The dashboard in the video illustrates the end to end visibility that is possible by combining standard sFlow instrumentation in the physical switches with sFlow instrumentation in Open vSwitch and Host sFlow agents on the servers.

The diagram on the left of the dashboard shows a logical map of the elements in the testbed. The top panel shows the two logical switches Continue reading

IDG Contributor Network: This company’s name isn’t a joke: Secret Double Octopus goes beyond encryption

The process of naming a startup is fraught with peril - founders need to find a name which is catchy, ideally short, and one for which the URL is still available. Seemingly throwing most of the rules (at least about brevity or sense) out the window, Secret Double Octopus, a new company just emerging from stealth, has at least ensured one thing - no one will forget its name.Beyond quirky names, however, this company is doing something interesting. Yet another cybersecurity company that originated in Israel, Secret Double Octopus (we'll call it SDO to avoid the risks of overuse injury from repeatedly typing the name) is all about securing networking traffic and authentication beyond the traditional approaches of PKI, SSL and VPN. SDO aims to help secure data in transit, whether it's between sites, between a website and the cloud, or within mobile or IoT use cases. SDO's approach employs secret sharing, thereby eliminating the need for cryptographic keys.To read this article in full or to leave a comment, please click here

CCIE DC v2 Silently Announced!

So as with most things, a student just pointed out to me that the CCIE DC v2 has silently been pushed out into the Cisco Learning portal! See here:

http://www.cisco.com/web/learning/certifications/expert/ccie_dc/index.html

There is a PDF in there now showing the differential changes in the v1 and v2 blueprints:

http://www.cisco.com/web/learning/certifications/shared/docs/ccie-datacenter-comparison.pdf

Lab Structure

Well here is the rundown folks:

  1. 1 hour diagnostic section added
    1. Tests diagnostics around network issues, and the analyzing of the network without access to actual devices
    2. Independent tickets garnered from multiple sources (diagrams, emails, logs, etc…)
    3. Multiple Choice, Drag-n-drop, point-and-click item types (similar to the written examination)
  2. Troubleshoot and Configuration will be the remaining 7 hours

You have to pass both of these sections individually (achieve the minimum), and as well have a combined score above the combined minimum for both modules.

Lab Topics and Hardware

They have changed quite a bit in regards to topics, though they haven’t removed very much from the existing lab exam. A lot of what I put in parenthesis below is me, making an educated guess as to what they mean by those line items. With an already pretty full 8-hour exam, cramming some, or even all Continue reading

The US government wants in on the public cloud, but needs more transparency

The U.S. federal government is trying to move more into the cloud, but service providers' lack of transparency is harming adoption, according to Arlette Hart, the FBI's chief information security officer. "There's a big piece of cloud that's the 'trust me' model of cloud computing," she said during an on-stage interview at the Structure conference in San Francisco Wednesday. That's a tough sell for organizations like the federal government that have to worry about protecting important data. While Hart said that the federal government wants to get at the "enormous value" in public cloud infrastructure, its interest in moving to public cloud infrastructure is also tied to a need for greater security. To read this article in full or to leave a comment, please click here

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