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Chasing Anycast IP Addresses

One of my readers sent me this question:

My job required me to determine if one IP address is unicast or anycast. Is it possible to get this information from the bgp dump?

TL&DR: Not with anything close to 100% reliability. An academic research paper (HT: Andrea di Donato) documents a false-positive rate of around 10%.

If you’re not familiar with IP anycast: it’s a brilliant idea of advertising the same prefix from multiple independent locations, or the same IP address from multiple servers. Works like a charm for UDP (that’s how all root DNS servers are built) and supposedly pretty well across distant-enough locations for TCP (with a long list of caveats when used within a data center).

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Chasing Anycast IP Addresses

One of my readers sent me this question:

My job required me to determine if one IP address is unicast or anycast. Is it possible to get this information from the bgp dump?

TL&DR: Not with anything close to 100% reliability.

If you’re not familiar with IP anycast: it’s a brilliant idea of advertising the same prefix from multiple independent locations, or the same IP address from multiple servers. Works like a charm for UDP (that’s how all root DNS servers are built) and supposedly pretty well across distant-enough locations for TCP (with a long list of caveats when used within a data center).

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SEC 4. Complete guide for integrating Nokia, Arista, Cumulus, as well as CentOS and Raspberry PI Linux in your own PKI

Hello my friend,

In one of the previous blogposts we have share the details how you can build the containerised PKI relying Docker, Alpine Linux and OpenSSL. Today we’ll show how you can use it.

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No part of this blogpost could be reproduced, stored in a 

retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any 

means, electronic, mechanical or photocopying, recording, 

or otherwise, for commercial purposes without the 

prior permission of the author.

How automation can increase the security?

In one of the recent articles dedicated to threats to the national security with respect to 5G caused by the current operation models in the big service providers, one the network automation were named as one of the key mitigation approaches. The reason is very simple: network automation allows you to keep (or even increase) the pace of the network changes with increasing the stability without increasing the size of your network operation teams.

We absolutely agree with this statement. We have observed ourselves that in many cases the key technical competence for service providers is being outsourced and in certain cases the service providers have to rely on the external parties to perform Continue reading

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Comcast: Internet usage spiked in 2020 as working from home doubled

Overall Internet traffic on Comcast’s network spiked substantially at the beginning of the pandemic in the U.S. in March 2020, but normalized over the subsequent months, according to a report released today by the internet service provider.As the largest individual home ISP in the U.S., Comcast’s data on Internet usage represents a useful snapshot into overall home connectivity during the pandemic.[Get regularly scheduled insights by signing up for Network World newsletters.] Nearly two-thirds of Americans--62%--reported working from home at some point during the current crisis, double the figures for the previous March, the report found. And 93% of households with school-age children reported that those children engaged in distance learning.To read this article in full, please click here

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Tigera and Microsoft Extend the Power of Calico for Windows to AKS

Tigera, in collaboration with Microsoft, is thrilled to announce the public preview of Calico for Windows on Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS). While Calico has been available for self-managed Kubernetes workloads on Azure since 2018, many organizations are migrating their .NET and Windows workloads to the managed Kubernetes environment offered by AKS. Now the leading open-source Kubernetes network policy and security solution for Kubernetes enables Windows users to fulfill their policy and compliance requirements on Azure Kubernetes Service.

With the availability of Calico for Windows on AKS in public preview, enterprises can leverage the power and simplicity of Calico to enable a single solution that provides uniform Kubernetes network policy and security for their clusters across AKS, other clouds and on-premises, as well as across their choice of Windows, Linux, and mixed-node environments.

Project Calico is the most widely adopted open-source solution for Kubernetes networking and security, used on more than 1 million nodes across 166 countries. However, thousands of our users want to be sure that choosing Calico is the right decision for many years to come. Calico is the only solution that offers a pluggable data plane supporting Windows, standard Linux and eBPF, thus future-proofing their decision Continue reading

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Why AI is Eating Networking

Networking teams are just starting their AIOps journey. In the next five years, AI assistants will be considered integral members.

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Betting On Virtual Events In A Post-Covid World

In-person events will return some day. In the meantime, a huge crop of tech companies and investors are betting that virtual events can thrive not just during a pandemic, but beyond.

The post Betting On Virtual Events In A Post-Covid World appeared first on Packet Pushers.

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The Expedient Way To Build An Enterprise Cloud

The promises of the cloud – from agility and scalability to reduced costs and easier access to emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and advanced analytics – have been out there for more than a decade and enterprises are continuing to push more of their operations to such hyperscale providers like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud. …

The Expedient Way To Build An Enterprise Cloud was written by Jeffrey Burt at The Next Platform.

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Cloudflare recognized as a ‘Leader’ in The Forrester Wave for DDoS Mitigation Solutions

We’re thrilled to announce that Cloudflare has been named a leader in The Forrester Wave^TM: DDoS Mitigation Solutions, Q1 2021. You can download a complimentary copy of the report here.

According to the report, written by, Forrester Senior Analyst for Security and Risk, David Holmes, “Cloudflare protects against DDoS from the edge, and fast… customer references view Cloudflare’s edge network as a compelling way to protect and deliver applications.”

Unmetered and unlimited DDoS protection for all

Cloudflare was founded with the mission to help build a better Internet — one where the impact of DDoS attacks is a thing of the past. Over the last 10 years, we have been unwavering in our efforts to protect our customers’ Internet properties from DDoS attacks of any size or kind. In 2017, we announced unmetered DDoS protection for free — as part of every Cloudflare service and plan including the Free plan — to make sure every organization can stay protected and available.

Thanks to our home-grown automated DDoS protection systems, we’re able to provide unmetered and unlimited DDoS protection for free. Our automated systems constantly analyze traffic samples asynchronously as to avoid impact to performance. They scan for Continue reading

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Deploying a CNI Automatically with a ClusterResourceSet

Not too long ago I hosted an episode of TGIK8s, where I explored some features of Cluster API. One of the features I explored on the show was ClusterResourceSet, an experimental feature that allows users to automatically install additional components onto workload clusters when the workload clusters are provisioned. In this post, I’ll show how to deploy a CNI plugin automatically using a ClusterResourceSet.

A lot of this post is inspired by a similar post on installing Calico using a ClusterResourceSet. Although that post is for vSphere and this one focuses on AWS, much of the infrastructure differences are abstracted away by Kubernetes and Cluster API.

At a high level, using ClusterResourceSet to install a CNI plugin automatically looks like this:

1. Make sure experimental features are enabled on your CAPI management cluster.
2. Create a ConfigMap that contains the information to deploy the CNI plugin.
3. Create a ClusterResourceSet that references the ConfigMap.
4. Deploy one or more workload clusters that match the cluster selector specified in the ClusterResourceSet.

The sections below describe each of these steps in more detail.

Enabling Experimental Features

The preferred way to enable experimental features on your management cluster is to use a setting in the Continue reading

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HTTP Protocol, Web Page Waterfalls and Complexity

One aspect of networking is that some understanding of the protocols using the network is required. As HTTPS replaces nearly all other protocols I would suggest that everyone needs a working understanding of how a web page is fetched by a web browser. WebPageTest is a community tool that reads web pages and then displays […]

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How to Write a Great Talk Proposal for DockerCon LIVE 2021

First off, a big thank you to all those who have already submitted a talk proposal for DockerCon LIVE 2021. We’re seeing some really excellent proposals and we look forward to reviewing many more! We opened the CFP on February 8th and with a few more weeks to go before we close the CFP on March 15th there’s still lots of time to submit a talk. 

If you’re toying with the idea of submitting a talk but you’re still not sure whether or not your topic is interesting enough, or how to approach your topic, or if you just need a little push in the right direction to write up your proposal and click on “Send”, below are a few resources we thought you might find interesting. 

Amanda Sopkin wrote a great article a few years ago that has now become a reference for conference organizers sharing tips on how to get a technical talk accepted for a conference.  We also like Todd Lewis’ 13 tips on how to write an awesome talk proposal for a tech conference. Other interesting articles include: 

• How to write a successful conference proposal by Karolina Szczur
• Tips for your next tech Continue reading

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How to execute an object file: Part 1

Calling a simple function without linking

When we write software using a high-level compiled programming language, there are usually a number of steps involved in transforming our source code into the final executable binary:

First, our source files are compiled by a compiler translating the high-level programming language into machine code. The output of the compiler is a number of object files. If the project contains multiple source files, we usually get as many object files. The next step is the linker: since the code in different object files may reference each other, the linker is responsible for assembling all these object files into one big program and binding these references together. The output of the linker is usually our target executable, so only one file.

However, at this point, our executable might still be incomplete. These days, most executables on Linux are dynamically linked: the executable itself does not have all the code it needs to run a program. Instead it expects to "borrow" part of the code at runtime from shared libraries for some of its functionality:

This process is called runtime linking: when our executable is being started, the operating system will invoke the dynamic Continue reading

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HPE debuts new Opportunity Engine for fast AI insights

HP Enterprise has announced what it calls the Software Defined Opportunity Engine (SDOE), a cloud-based machine-learning platform that enables partners that sell HPE gear to cut the time to create custom sales proposals from weeks to just 45 seconds.In a blog post announcing the service, HPE Storage senior vice president and general manager Tom Black said SDOE does away with an outdated IT infrastructure-buying process at a time when digital transformation has never been more critical.To read this article in full, please click here

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HPE debuts new Opportunity Engine for fast AI insights

HP Enterprise has announced what it calls the Software Defined Opportunity Engine (SDOE), a cloud-based machine-learning platform that enables partners that sell HPE gear to cut the time to create custom sales proposals from weeks to just 45 seconds.In a blog post announcing the service, HPE Storage senior vice president and general manager Tom Black said SDOE does away with an outdated IT infrastructure-buying process at a time when digital transformation has never been more critical.To read this article in full, please click here

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Impact of Azure Subnets on High Availability Designs

Now that you know all about regions and availability zones (AZ) and the ways AWS and Azure implement subnets, let’s get to the crux of the original question Daniel Dib sent me:

As I understand it, subnets in Azure span availability zones. Do you see any drawback to this? You mentioned that it’s difficult to create application swimlanes that way. But does subnet matter if your VMs are in different AZs?

It’s time I explain the concepts of application swimlanes and how they apply to availability zones in public clouds.

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Impact of Azure Subnets on High Availability Designs

Now that you know all about regions and availability zones (AZ) and the ways AWS and Azure implement subnets, let’s get to the crux of the original question Daniel Dib sent me:

As I understand it, subnets in Azure span availability zones. Do you see any drawback to this? You mentioned that it’s difficult to create application swimlanes that way. But does subnet matter if your VMs are in different AZs?

It’s time I explain the concepts of application swimlanes and how they apply to availability zones in public clouds.

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Facebook Architects Around Silent Data Corruption

Silent but deadly: there is nothing more destructive than data corruptions that cannot be caught by the various error capture tools in hardware and even in software, can be hard to spot before they have infected an entire application. …

Facebook Architects Around Silent Data Corruption was written by Nicole Hemsoth at The Next Platform.

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VPC peering with terraform

I wrote up an example of using terraform modules and provider aliases to turn up interconnected cloud resources (vpcs / vpc peering / peering acceptance / routes) across multiple cloud regions.

Check it out at GitHub.

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Rethinking MPI for GPU Accelerated Supercomputers

In the accelerated era of exascale supercomputing, MPI is being pushed to its logical limits. …

Rethinking MPI for GPU Accelerated Supercomputers was written by Nicole Hemsoth at The Next Platform.