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Category Archives for "Networking"

Leaders of the G7: A Safer World Means Strong, Secure Communication

In the recent G7 outcome document “Combating the use of the Internet for Terrorism and Violent Extremist Purposes“, Ministers of the Interior made commitments on content filtering and “lawful access solutions” for encrypted content, which, if implemented, would greatly weaken the security of the Internet, G7 economies and their citizens.

While there is an urgent need to prevent terrorists and violent extremists from exploiting Internet platforms, facing down terrorist threats and cybercrime requires strong, secure communications. Not the opposite.

We find the commitments in the document cause for alarm.

Rather than encouraging Internet companies to weaken their security, global leaders should be discussing how to increase the use of encryption, make it easier to use, and harder to thwart.

Here’s why:

Encryption: What it is and why it is key to your security

As online threats of cybercrime, mass surveillance, data breaches have grown so has the use of encryption – to protect the confidentiality and the integrity of data that we all depend on.

Every responsible citizen wants to stop terrorism, and “lawful access” sounds like a reasonable way to access potentially crucial intel. The idea is that, under the appropriate legal authorization, legitimate law enforcement agencies Continue reading

How to Advertise a Route from ACI Layer2 BD Outside the Fabric?

Sometimes you will have some L2 domains (Bridge Domains – BD) in your datacenter that will be used with hardware appliances like F5 NLB or something like an additional firewall, WAF or something similar. That is the case where ACI will not route or bridge but the only L3 point of exit from that kind of segment would be on actual hardware appliance outside ACI Fabric – connected to the Leaf port. We will take an example here and use it throughout the article where BIG IP F5 NLB is used as an L3 termination of L2 BD 10.10.10.0/24. F5

The post How to Advertise a Route from ACI Layer2 BD Outside the Fabric? appeared first on How Does Internet Work.

Heavy Networking 442: The Source Of Truth Shall Set You Free (To Automate)

On today's Heavy Networking we explore how to build a source of truth for networking devices as a foundation for automation. Our guests Damien Garros and Adam Mills of Roblox share their real-world experiences developing sources of truth using Netbox and Git as part of a company-wide automation effort.

The post Heavy Networking 442: The Source Of Truth Shall Set You Free (To Automate) appeared first on Packet Pushers.

Announcing AMP Real URL

Announcing AMP Real URL
Announcing AMP Real URL

The promise of the AMP (Accelerated Mobile Pages) project was that it would make the web, and, in particular, the mobile web, much more pleasant to surf. The AMP HTML framework was designed to make web pages load quickly, and not distract the user with extraneous content that took them away from focusing on the web page’s content.

It was particularly aimed at publishers (such as news organizations) that wanted to provide the best, fastest web experience for readers catching up on news stories and in depth articles while on the move. It later became valuable for any site which values their mobile performance including e-commerce stores, job boards, and media sites.

As well as the AMP HTML framework, AMP also made use of caches that store copies of AMP content close to end users so that they load as quickly as possible. Although this cache make loading web pages much, much faster they introduce a problem: An AMP page served from Google’s cache has a URL starting with https://google.com/amp/. This can be incredibly confusing for end users.

Users have become used to looking at the navigation bar in a web browser to see what web site Continue reading

40 – DCNM 11.1 and VRF-Lite connection to an external Layer 3 Network

Another great feature supported by DCNM concerns the extension of Layer 3 connection across an external Layer 3 network using VRF-Lite hand-off from the Border leaf node toward the external Edge router.

There are different options to deploy a VRF-Lite connection to the outside of the VXLAN fabric. Either using a manual deployment or leveraging the auto-configuration process that will configure automatically the VRF-lite toward the Layer 3 network.

One of the key reasons for configuring the interfaces manually is when the Layer 3 network is managed by an external service provider, thus the Network team has no control on the configuration which is imposed by the Layer 3 service operator.

The first demo illustrates an end-to-end manual configuration of VRF-Lite connections from the Border leaf node to an external Edge router.

The Border leaf nodes being a vPC domain, the recommendation is to configure a interface per vPC peer device connecting the external Layer 3 network. As a result, I configured 1 “inter-fabric” type link per Border Gateway.

Prior to deploy the external VRF-lite, an external fabric must be created in which the concerned Edge router should be imported. For this particular scenario, because the Network team is not Continue reading

Campus design feature set-up : Part 1

Shared knowledge makes for a stronger ecosystem and with this in mind, I’m going to show you how to set up the CL 3.7.5 campus feature: Multi-Domain Authentication in a 6-part blog series. 

We’ll cover it all: Wired MAC Authentication using Aruba ClearPass, Multi-Domain Authentication using Aruba ClearPass, Wired 802.1x using Cisco ISE, Wired MAC Authentication using Cisco ISE, and Multi-Domain Authentication using Cisco ISE. 

The first guide I’ll be sharing is how to enable wired 802.1X authentication in Cumulus Linux 3.7.5+ using Aruba ClearPass 6.7.x. 

Keep in mind that this step-by-step guide assumes that you have already performed an initial setup of Aruba ClearPass.

Aruba ClearPass Configuration:

1. Add the Cumulus Switch to ClearPass

First, we are going to add this specific Cumulus Network switch to ClearPass. Go to the following:

Configuration > Network > Devices. Click “+Add” in the top right-hand corner

Fill in the appropriate IP Address, Description, and Shared Secrets. For simplicity sake, set the “Vendor Name” to “Cisco.”

2. Adding the Cumulus Switch to a Device Group

Configuration > Network  > Device Groups. Click “+Add” in the top right-hand corner

We are Continue reading

BrandPost: Two tools to help visualize and simplify your data-driven operations

Build the picture: Visualize your dataThe Internet of Things (IoT), 5G, smart technology, virtual reality – all these applications guarantee one thing for communications service providers (CSPs): more data.  As networks become increasingly overwhelmed by mounds of data, CSPs are on the hunt for ways to make the most of the intelligence collected and are looking for ways to monetize their services, provide more customizable offerings, and enhance their network performance.Customer analytics has gone some way towards fulfilling this need for greater insights, but with the rise in the volume and variety of consumer and IoT applications, the influx of data will increase at a phenomenal rate. The data includes not only customer-related data, but also device and network data, adding complexity to the picture. CSPs must harness this information to understand the relationships between any two things, to understand the connections within their data and to ultimately, leverage it for a better customer experience.To read this article in full, please click here

Five Functional Facts about AWS Identity and Access Management

This post is part of an open-ended series I’m writing where I take a specific protocol, app, or whatever-I-feel-like and focus on five functional aspects of that thing in order to expose some of how that thing really works.

The topic in this post is the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) service. The IAM service holds a unique position within AWS: it doesn’t get the attention that the machine learning or AI services get, and doesn’t come to mind when buzzwords like “serverless” or “containers” are brought up, yet it’s used by–or should be used by–every single AWS customer (and if you’re not using it, you’re not following best practice, tsk, tsk) so it’s worthwhile to take the time to really get to know this service.

Let’s begin!

1 – The root user supersedes IAM policies

The main reason I threw a bit of shade about following best practice and always using IAM has to do with the root user in an account. The root user is what’s created when a new AWS account is opened. The username for the root user is always an email address and the root user is able to log into the AWS account Continue reading

Online Trust Audit Finds Better Email Authentication and Encryption; Worse Privacy Statement Scores

Do you know how – or even if – your favorite retailer, or your bank, or your ISP is working to protect you? The Online Trust Alliance recognizes excellence in consumer protection, data security and responsible privacy practices. Today, we released the 10th annual Online Trust Audit & Honor Roll, covering more than 1,200 predominantly consumer-facing websites, and found that 70% of the websites we analyzed qualified for the Honor Roll. That’s the highest proportion ever, driven primarily by improvements in email authentication and session encryption.

Highlights

Overall, we found a strong move toward encryption, with 93% of sites encrypting all web sessions. Email authentication is also at record highs; 76% use both SPF and DKIM (which prevent spoofed/forged emails) and 50% have a DMARC record (which provides instruction on how to handle messages that fail authentication).

It’s not all good news, though. We also found that only 11% of organizations use mechanisms for vulnerability reporting, which allows users to report bugs and security problems. Only 6% use Certificate Authority Authorization, which limits certificate abuse. And overall privacy scores dropped compared to last year, primarily due to more stringent scoring in light of the E.U.’s General Continue reading

What SDN is and where it’s going

Hardware reigned supreme in the networking world until the emergence of software-defined networking (SDN), a category of technologies that separate the network control plane from the forwarding plane to enable more automated provisioning and policy-based management of network resources.SDN's origins can be traced to a research collaboration between Stanford University and the University of California at Berkeley that ultimately yielded the OpenFlow protocol in the 2008 timeframe. [Learn more about the difference between SDN and NFV. Get regularly scheduled insights by signing up for Network World newsletters] OpenFlow is only one of the first SDN canons, but it's a key component because it started the networking software revolution. OpenFlow defined a programmable network protocol that could help manage and direct traffic among routers and switches no matter which vendor made the underlying router or switch. To read this article in full, please click here

REST API Is Not Transactional

This blog post was initially sent to subscribers of my SDN and Network Automation mailing list. Subscribe here.

I was walking down the infinite hallways of Cisco Live Europe chatting with the fellow Tech Field Day Extra delegates when I probably blanked out for a minute as the weirdest of thoughts hit me: “REST API is not transactional”

TL&DR: Apart from using structured data and having error codes REST API is functionally equivalent to Cisco IOS CLI from 1995

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