BGP RR Design – Part 2
This is a continuation from Part 1 9. ACME VPN RR’s Design: So the current total number of PE’s dedicated for VPN functionality is around 400 (2 PE’s in each POP x 200). A full iBGP mesh between 400 PE’s comes around 79,800 sessions ((400×399) /2). By introducing two VPN RR’s each PE will have only two iBGP sessions […]
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The post BGP RR Design – Part 2 appeared first on Packet Pushers Podcast and was written by Diptanshu Singh.
BGP RR Design – Part 1
1. Introduction In this post we will be looking at large scale RR design by using a fictional ISP ACME as a reference. As usual, I am assuming that the reader has familiarity with BGP and basic RR concepts. 2. Setting the Stage ACME is a communications company providing communications and data services to residential, business, governmental and wholesale customers. […]
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The post BGP RR Design – Part 1 appeared first on Packet Pushers Podcast and was written by Diptanshu Singh.
Cisco Access Point Default Password
Original content from Roger's CCIE Blog Tracking the journey towards getting the ultimate Cisco Certification. The Routing & Switching Lab Exam
The Cisco Access Point Default Password is – Cisco / Cisco You could probably have guessed that, but if you are configuring a cisco wireless access point out of the box for the first time you are going to want to know the default password and if you are reading this then you haven’t been... [Read More]
Post taken from CCIE Blog
Original post Cisco Access Point Default Password
Kubernetes and Google container engine
In this blog, I will cover the Google container engine service that I tried out. Pre-requisites: Need Google cloud account. Install Google cloud SDK. Google container engine is not available in the normal gcloud SDK installation. To use container engine service, we need to update preview component. $ gcloud components update preview I followed the … Continue reading Kubernetes and Google container engine
Kubernetes on Google cloud
In this blog, I will cover the steps to run Kubernetes on Google compute VM. I used the steps mentioned here. Pre-requisites: Need Google cloud account. Install Google cloud SDK. First step is to download and unzip Kubernetes tar file from here. Next, we create the cluster using the provided script. export KUBERNETES_PROVIDER=gce ./cluster/kube-up.sh The … Continue reading Kubernetes on Google cloud
Kubernetes – Overview
Earlier, I had written a blog on Docker Orchestration. This is a pretty new area and different solutions are being developed to address this problem. Few weeks back, I had written a blog on AWS EC2 Container service. Kubernetes is a Docker Orchestration engine used to manage a cluster of Containers. Google initially developed Kubernetes, … Continue reading Kubernetes – Overview
Google Cloud – Getting started
I have used AWS for most of my Cloud related needs. Recently, I tried out Google Cloud and I will share some of my experiences with Google Cloud in this blog. The easiest way to get started is to signup for the 60 day trial. This gives 300$ of credit to use Google Cloud for … Continue reading Google Cloud – Getting started
Opencompute Networking – Facebook Contributions
Earlier, I had written a blog on Opencompute networking project. There were few recent contributions from Facebook to Opencompute. In this blog, I wanted to capture major Opencompute Networking contributions from Facebook. I see these contributions as pretty significant in the context of White box switches. Wedge hardware design for TOR: The goal here was to develop … Continue reading Opencompute Networking – Facebook Contributions
28 – VxLAN/EVPN MP-BGP in a DCI environment
VxLAN Evolution in the Context of DCI Requirements
Since I posted this article “Is VxLAN a DCI solution for LAN extension ?” clarifying why Multicast-based VxLAN was not suitable to offer a viable DCI solution, the DCI market (Data Center Interconnect) has become a buzz of activity around the evolution of VxLAN based on Control Plane (CP).
In this network overlay context, the Control Plane objective is to leverage Unicast transport while processing VTEP and host discovery and distribution processes. This method significantly reduces flooding for Unknown Unicast traffic within and across the fabrics.
The VxLAN protocol (RFC 7348) is aimed at carrying a virtualized Layer 2 network tunnel established over an IP network, hence from a network overlay point of view there is no restriction to transport a Layer 2 frame over an IP network, because that’s what the network overlays offers.
Consequently a question as previously discussed with MCAST-only transport in regard to a new DCI alternative solution, comes back again;
- Does a Control Plane suffice to claim that’s VxLAN can be used as a DCI solution?
Consequently, this noise requires a clarification on how reliable a DCI solution can be when based on VxLAN Unicast transport using a Control Continue reading
ECMP visibility with Cumulus Linux
Topology discovery with Cumulus Linux looked at an alternative Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation (MLAG) configuration and shows how to extract the configuration and monitor traffic on the network using sFlow and Fabric View.
The paper Hedera: Dynamic Flow Scheduling for Data Center Networks describes the impact of colliding flows on effective ECMP cross sectional bandwidth. The paper gives an example which demonstrates that effective cross sectional bandwidth can be reduced by a factor of between 20% to 60%, depending on the number of simultaneous flows per host.
This article uses the workbench to demonstrate the effect of large "Elephant" flow collisions on network throughput. The following script running on each of the servers uses the iperf tool to generate pairs of overlapping Elephant flows:
cumulus@server1:~$ while true; do iperf -c 10.4.2.2 -t 20; sleep 20; done
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Client connecting to 10.4.2.2, TCP port Continue reading