Darwin: a genomics co-processor provides up to 15,000x acceleration on long read assembly
Darwin: a genomics co-processor provides up to 15,000x acceleration on long read assembly Turakhia et al., ASPLOS’18
With the slow demise of Moore’s law, hardware accelerators are needed to meet the rapidly growing computational requirements of X.
For this paper, X = genomics, and genomic data is certainly growing fast: doubling every 7 months and on track to surpass YouTube and Twitter by 2025. Rack-size machines can sequence 50 genomes a day, portable sequencers require several days per genome. Third-generation sequencing technologies are now available which produce much longer reads of contiguous DNA – on the order of tens of kilobases compared to only a few hundred bases with the previous generations of technology.
For personalized medicine, long reads are superior in identifying structural variants i.e. large insertions, deletions and re-arrangements in the genome spanning kilobases or more which are sometimes associated with diseases; for haplotype phasing, to distinguish mutations on maternal vs paternal chromosomes; and for resolving highly repetitive regions in the genome.
The long read technology comes with a drawback though – high error rates in sequencing of between 15%-40%. The errors are corrected using computational methods ‘that can be orders of magnitude slower than Continue reading
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