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Category Archives for "Networking"

netlab Release 1.5.0: Larger Lab Topologies

netlab release 1.5.0 includes features that will help you start very large lab topologies (someone managed to run over 90 Mikrotik routers on a 24-core server):

To get more details and learn about additional features included in release 1.5.0, read the release notes. To upgrade, execute pip3 install --upgrade networklab.

New to netlab? Start with the Getting Started document and the installation guide.

netlab Release 1.5.0: Larger Lab Topologies

netlab release 1.5.0 includes features that will help you start very large lab topologies (someone managed to run over 90 Mikrotik routers on a 24-core server):

To get more details and learn about additional features included in release 1.5.0, read the release notes. To upgrade, execute pip3 install --upgrade networklab.

New to netlab? Start with the Getting Started document and the installation guide.

Must Read Articles to Understand RAN (Radio Access Network) evolution from 1G to 5G, O-RAN and Mobile Computing & Wireless networking

All these articles are originally produced by (Red Hat) ( Kashif Islam (Red Hat), Syed F. Hassan (Red Hat) and Bob Reselman. I am just compiling this list for handy reference

https://www.redhat.com/architect/mobile-architecture-cloud-ran
https://www.redhat.com/architect/ran-radio-access-network-definitions
https://www.redhat.com/architect/what-open-ran
https://www.redhat.com/architect/openshift-cloud-ran

https://www.redhat.com/architect/mobile-wireless-computing-architecture
https://www.redhat.com/architect/mobile-architecture-call-processing

Azure Networking Fundamentals: Site-to-Site VPN

Comment: Here is a part of the introduction section of the fifth chapter of my Azure Networking Fundamentals book. I will also publish other chapters' introduction sections soon so you can see if the book is for you. The book is available at Leanpub and Amazon (links on the right pane).

A Hybrid Cloud is a model where we split application-specific workloads across the public and private clouds. This chapter introduces Azure's hybrid cloud solution using Site-to-Site (S2S) Active-Standby VPN connection between Azure and on-prem DC. Azure S2S A/S VPN service includes five Azure resources. The first one, Virtual Network Gateway (VGW), also called VPN Gateway, consists of two VMs, one in active mode and the other in standby mode. These VMs are our VPN connection termination points on the Azure side, which encrypt and decrypt data traffic. The active VM has a public IP address associated with its Internet side. If the active VM fails, the standby VM takes the active role, and the public IP is associated with it. Active and standby VMs are attached to the special subnet called Gateway Subnet. The name of the gateway subnet has to be GatewaySubnet. The Local Gateway (LGW) Continue reading

Automation 21. Interactive Python with Jupyter Notebooks to Collect Data from Network Devices with pyGNMI and Process with Pandas

Dear friend,

Today’s topic will be an unusual one. We will talk about some (of course) Python-related technology, which despite its existence for quite a while already, we have been always somewhat avoiding. It always seemed for me that Jupyter is not a right thing for network automation, especially when we talk proper software development, not simple scripts. I still stand this ground; however, I see now where Jupyter can be quite useful.

Is There Any Limit in Network Automation Tools?

Well. The truth is that there is no limit. In vast majority of cases, tools used in Network Automation are either ones coming from DevOps or from Software Development. Both of these areas are massive and are ever growing, what ultimately means that amount of tools for network automation is growing as well. Some of these tools are more suitable for network automation, some are less: it is possible to assess if the particular one is suitable for network automation only if you test , which is time consuming.

The good news is that we already created a selection of great network automation tools and technologies for you. We have carefully tested and put them together, so that you Continue reading

Weekend Reads 012723


The Internet Systems Consortium (ISC) has released patches to address multiple security vulnerabilities in the Berkeley Internet Name Domain (BIND) 9 Domain Name System (DNS) software suite that could lead to a denial-of-service (DoS) condition.


Going into 2023, phishing is still as large a concern as ever. “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it,” seems to hold in this tried-and-true attack method.


This follow-up post describes what techniques exist to enumerate subdomains in a DNSSEC-enabled zone and what countermeasures exist to prevent it. DNSSEC itself is not explained further, however, some relevant record types are briefly described.


In 1987 economics Nobel Laureate Robert Solow said that the computer age was everywhere—except in productivity data. A similar thing could be said about AI today: It dominates tech news but does not seem to have boosted productivity a whit.


Names such as Novelli, orangecake, Pirat-Networks, SubComandanteVPN, and zirochka are unlikely to mean anything to a vast majority of enterprise security teams.


Decision-makers might wonder — is investing time and resources in Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) worth it? What is the effectiveness of RPKI Route Origin Validation (ROV)? In the last year, a number of interesting reports were published.


In Continue reading

MUST READ: Nothing Works

Did you ever wonder why it’s impossible to find good service company, why most software sucks, or why networking vendors can get away with selling crap? If you did, and found no good answer (apart from Sturgeon’s Law), it’s time to read Why is it so hard to buy things that work well? by Dan Luu.

Totally off-topic: his web site uses almost no CSS and looks in my browser like a relic of 1980s. Suggestions how to fix that (in Chrome) are most welcome.

MUST READ: Nothing Works

Did you ever wonder why it’s impossible to find good service company, why most software sucks, or why networking vendors can get away with selling crap? If you did, and found no good answer (apart from Sturgeon’s Law), it’s time to read Why is it so hard to buy things that work well? by Dan Luu.

Totally off-topic: his web site uses almost no CSS and looks in my browser like a relic of 1980s. Suggestions how to fix that (in Chrome) are most welcome.

Using Linux hexedit and xxd commands to view and modify binary files

Linux systems support a number of file editors – like vi, vim, neovim, ne, GNU Emacs etc. But you can also install an editor that allows you to view the contents of and make changes to binary files--hexedit.With hexedit, you can edit images, executables and other binaries, though you have to know a lot about the format of the file you’re editing to make valid changes that don't disrupt the file's format. After all, you'll be editing one byte at a time. This is not meant to imply that you can't use this command for viewing or editing text files. There's just little or no reason to do that.To read this article in full, please click here

Using Linux hexedit and xxd commands to view and modify binary files

Linux systems support a number of file editors – like vi, vim, neovim, ne, GNU Emacs etc. But you can also install an editor that allows you to view the contents of and make changes to binary files--hexedit.With hexedit, you can edit images, executables and other binaries, though you have to know a lot about the format of the file you’re editing to make valid changes that don't disrupt the file's format. After all, you'll be editing one byte at a time. This is not meant to imply that you can't use this command for viewing or editing text files. There's just little or no reason to do that.To read this article in full, please click here

Turbocharging Host Workloads with Calico eBPF and XDP

In Linux, network-based applications rely on the kernel’s networking stack to establish communication with other systems. While this process is generally efficient and has been optimized over the years, in some cases it can create unnecessary overhead that can affect the overall performance of the system for network-intensive workloads such as web servers and databases. Calico Open Source offer an easier way to tame these technologies. Calico Open Source is a networking and security solution that seamlessly integrates with Kubernetes and other cloud orchestration platforms. While infamous for its policy engine and security capabilities, there are many other features that can be used in an environment by installing Continue reading

Being the Best at Beginning

The other day I was listening to an excellent episode of The Art of Network Engineering talking about technical marketing engineers (TME). The discussion was excellent and there was one line from Pete Lumbis in the episode that stuck with me. He said that one of the things that makes you good as a TME is being an “expert beginner”. That phrase resonates at lot with me.

Fresh Eyes on the Problem

I talked a bit about this last year when I talked about being a beginner and how exciting that it was to start over with something. As I compared that post to the AONE episode I realized that what Pete was talking about was a shift in mindset that gives you the energy and focus to pick things up quickly.

You may have heard the phrase “familiarity breeds contempt”. It’s a common phrase used to describe how we feel less impressed with things the more we learn about then. Our brains are wired to enjoy new things. We love new experiences, going to new places, or even meeting new people. The excitement and rush that we get from something unfamiliar causes our brain to devour things. It’s only Continue reading

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