NB503: Apple Buys Stake in Satellite Telecom Company; Arista Enjoys AI Revenue Bump

Take a Network Break! This week we cover a serious Cisco vulnerability, SonicWall offering a firewall warranty, and a security advisory from ID provider Okta. Apple buys a stake in a satellite telecommunications company, Lumen and Google team up on a joint networking/AI deal, and we check on financial results from Arista Networks, Extreme Networks,... Read more »

Custom Arm CPUs Drive Many Different AI Approaches In The Datacenter

Sponsored Feature  Arm is starting to fulfill its promise of transforming the nature of compute in the datacenter, and it is getting some big help from traditional chip makers as well as the hyperscalers and cloud builders that have massive computing requirements and who also need to drive efficiency up and costs down each and every year. …

Custom Arm CPUs Drive Many Different AI Approaches In The Datacenter was written by Timothy Prickett Morgan at The Next Platform.

Customize Caddy’s plugins with Nix

Caddy is an open-source web server written in Go. It handles TLS certificates automatically and comes with a simple configuration syntax. Users can extend its functionality through plugins1 to add features like rate limiting, caching, and Docker integration.

While Caddy is available in Nixpkgs, adding extra plugins is not simple.2 The compilation process needs Internet access, which Nix denies during build to ensure reproducibility. When trying to build the following derivation using xcaddy, a tool for building Caddy with plugins, it fails with this error: dial tcp: lookup proxy.golang.org on [::1]:53: connection refused.

{ pkgs }:
pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
  name = "caddy-with-xcaddy";
  nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [ go xcaddy cacert ];
  unpackPhase = "true";
  buildPhase =
    ''
      xcaddy build --with github.com/caddy-dns/[email protected]
    '';
  installPhase = ''
    mkdir -p $out/bin
    cp caddy $out/bin
  '';
}

Fixed-output derivations are an exception to this rule and get network access during build. They need to specify their output hash. For example, the fetchurl function produces a fixed-output derivation:

{ stdenv, fetchurl }:
stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
  pname = "hello";
  version = "2.12.1";
  src  Continue reading

How We Measure: ISP User Counts

At APNIC Labs we generate, on a daily ongoing basis, our estimate of the number of users per ISP for every ISP that we see on the Internet through the ad-based measurement platform. This report is published at the URL: https://stats.labs.apnic.net/aspop. As far as we are aware this is the only such public data set that encompasses the entirety of the public Internet. Here I would like to explain how we calculate this data, and provide some responses to a recent presentation at the RIPE 89 meeting on this data set.

From Python To Go 002. Basic Data Types (Numeric, Boolean, String) and Variables.

Hello my friend,

We continue our blog series about learning Go (Golang) as second programming language, which you can use for network and IT infrastructure automation. Today we’ll talk about the basic data types and variables both in Python and Go

How To Start Automating?

Any programming language, whether it is Python or Go (Golang), is a tool to implement your business logic. Whilst it is very important to be experienced with the tool, it is important also to understand the wide context of network automation, and this is where our trainings will kick start you:

We offer the following training programs in network automation for you:

During these trainings you will learn the following topics:

  • Success and failure strategies to build the automation tools.
  • Principles of software developments and the most useful and convenient tools.
  • Data encoding (free-text, XML, JSON, YAML, Protobuf).
  • Model-driven network automation with YANG, NETCONF, RESTCONF, GNMI.
  • Full configuration templating with Jinja2 based on the source of truth (NetBox).
  • Best programming languages (Python, Bash) for developing automation
  • The most rock-solid and Continue reading

Weekend Reads 110924


Toward the end of August 2024, a customized malware dubbed “Voldemort” based on strings found in its code was used in a cyber espionage campaign targeting various countries.


Until 2019, it was a Google partner running full Android. Then it forked its own version of Android, called it HarmonyOS, stopped including Google proprietary apps, and set up its own Android app store.


As previously discussed in this post, Xiong’an New Area (Xiong’an), a pilot city established in 2017 about 100 kilometres west of Beijing, aims to be a model for future digital cities, built with IPv6-only infrastructure from the start.


A little over three dozen security vulnerabilities have been disclosed in various open-source artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models, some of which could lead to remote code execution and information theft.


Today, we’re excited to announce the launch of Kentik’s Cloud Latency Map, a public service that uses Kentik Synthetics to continuously measure latency between the regions of the biggest cloud providers.


Data can undergo a similar transformation—two pieces of data, linked, such that changing one has an impact on the other. Think of this as “spooky data at a distance.”


In this work, we aim to Continue reading

How we prevent conflicts in authoritative DNS configuration using formal verification

Over the last year, Cloudflare has begun formally verifying the correctness of our internal DNS addressing behavior — the logic that determines which IP address a DNS query receives when it hits our authoritative nameserver. This means that for every possible DNS query for a proxied domain we could receive, we try to mathematically prove properties about our DNS addressing behavior, even when different systems (owned by different teams) at Cloudflare have contradictory views on which IP addresses should be returned.

To achieve this, we formally verify the programs — written in a custom Lisp-like programming language — that our nameserver executes when it receives a DNS query. These programs determine which IP addresses to return. Whenever an engineer changes one of these programs, we run all the programs through our custom model checker (written in Racket + Rosette) to check for certain bugs (e.g., one program overshadowing another) before the programs are deployed.

Our formal verifier runs in production today, and is part of a larger addressing system called Topaz. In fact, it’s likely you’ve made a DNS query today that triggered a formally verified Topaz program.

This post is a technical description of how Continue reading

Latency Numbers Every Programmer Should Know

One of the key arguments against stretched clusters (and similar stupidities) I used in my Disaster Recovery Myths presentation was the SSD read latency versus cross-site round-trip time.

Thanks to Networking Notes, I found a great infographic I can use in my next presentation (bonus points: it also works great in a terminal when fetched with curl) and a site that checks the latency of your web site from various vantage points.

TL007: Hot Takes on Technical Leadership

Everyone has their own hot take or bit of wisdom to share regarding technical leadership.  Today, host Laura Santamaria weaves these insights on communication, collaboration, decision making and more from her guests on the first six episodes of Technically Leadership. Listen, reflect and then apply to your own leadership role. Episode Links: Laura Santamaria Packet... Read more »

Juniper EX Switch Port Mirroring

Juniper EX Switch Port Mirroring

In this blog post, we will look at how to set up port mirroring on Juniper EX switches. The goal is to mirror all the traffic coming in and going out of one switch port to another port. By doing this, we can connect a laptop to the mirrored port and capture all the traffic. This is particularly useful when you can't directly capture traffic from a device, such as a CCTV camera, TV, or other similar devices. Let's get started.

Juniper EX Switch Port Mirroring

In this example, we have a database server connected to port ge-1/0/1, and we want to mirror all traffic going in and out of this port to port ge-1/0/4, where our laptop is connected. With this setup, we can use Wireshark on the laptop to capture the mirrored traffic.

configure
edit forwarding-options
edit analyzer my_capture

set input ingress interface ge-1/0/1
set input egress interface ge-1/0/1
set output interface ge-1/0/4

commit

The ingress and egress parts of the configuration refer to the traffic coming into the port (ingress) and leaving the port (egress). Ideally, we want to capture traffic in both directions, but you have the option to mirror traffic in only one direction if needed.

If you Continue reading

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