History of IP TTL in EBGP Sessions

Chris Parker wrote a wonderful blog post going deep into the weeds on how EBGP sessions use IP TTL and why we need multihop EBGP sessions between adjacent devices. However, he couldn’t find a source explaining why early BGP implementations decided to use IP TTL set to one on EBGP sessions:

If there’s a source on the internet that explains when it was decided that EBGP should use a TTL of 1, I can’t find it. I can’t even find it in any RFC. I looked in the RFC for BGP v4, and went all the way back to BGP v1. None of these documents contain the text “TTL or “time to live” or “time-to-live.” It’s not even in the RFC for EGP, back in 1984.

Read more …

Hedge 168: Roundtable

It’s roundtable time! In February’s roundtable, Eyvonne joins Tom and Russ to talk about Network as a Service, innovation, and marketing. Then we jump into the topic of the year at this point—ChaptGPT. Finally, we talk about proposals to eliminate noncompete agreements in the United States. What would this mean? Would it be better for tech, or worse?

As always, you can listen to the show on just about any podcatcher, you can listen right here, or you can download the show to listen later.

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Pure Storage debuts denser blade-based flash storage system

Flash-based storage vendor Pure Storage is targeting companies using disk-based mass storage market with a new model of blade server, dubbed FlashBlade E, that provides lower price points for petabyte-scale systems thanks to a tweak to the company’s FlashBlade architecture.Pure Storage’s existing FlashBlade S system is designed for performance – each blade in the 5U chassis of the system has built-in compute and networking, which are interconnected and combined into a single namespace for ease of use. (Multiple chassis can be connected together and will work similarly via an external fabric module, or XFM.)That’s great for high-performance computing (HPC) and other applications that need particularly high performance, but Pure Storage wants to bring its all-flash approach to the world of unstructured storage, where spinning discs are still widely used.To read this article in full, please click here

Pure Storage debuts denser blade-based flash storage system

Flash-based storage vendor Pure Storage is targeting companies using disk-based mass storage market with a new model of blade server, dubbed FlashBlade E, that provides lower price points for petabyte-scale systems thanks to a tweak to the company’s FlashBlade architecture.Pure Storage’s existing FlashBlade S system is designed for performance – each blade in the 5U chassis of the system has built-in compute and networking, which are interconnected and combined into a single namespace for ease of use. (Multiple chassis can be connected together and will work similarly via an external fabric module, or XFM.)That’s great for high-performance computing (HPC) and other applications that need particularly high performance, but Pure Storage wants to bring its all-flash approach to the world of unstructured storage, where spinning discs are still widely used.To read this article in full, please click here

IBM’s mainframe operating system upgrade will embrace AI

IBM said this week it will soon roll out an AI-infused, hybrid-cloud oriented version of its z/OS mainframe operating system.Expected in the third quarter, z/OS 3.1 will  support technologies intended to enable deployment of AI workloads co-located with z/OS applications, IBM said in a customer preview letter.The new OS will work best with the newest version of the Big Iron, the z16, but it will support z14 models and above, IBM says.The z16 includes an AI accelerator built onto its core Telum processor that can do 300 billion deep-learning inferences per day with one millisecond latency and includes what IBM calls a quantum-safe system to protect organizations from anticipated quantum-based security threats.To read this article in full, please click here

IBM’s mainframe operating system upgrade will embrace AI

IBM said this week it will soon roll out an AI-infused, hybrid-cloud oriented version of its z/OS mainframe operating system.Expected in the third quarter, z/OS 3.1 will  support technologies intended to enable deployment of AI workloads co-located with z/OS applications, IBM said in a customer preview letter.The new OS will work best with the newest version of the Big Iron, the z16, but it will support z14 models and above, IBM says.The z16 includes an AI accelerator built onto its core Telum processor that can do 300 billion deep-learning inferences per day with one millisecond latency and includes what IBM calls a quantum-safe system to protect organizations from anticipated quantum-based security threats.To read this article in full, please click here

Day Two Cloud 184: Think Multiplatform, Not Multicloud

Today on Day Two Cloud we put on our thinking caps about platforms, cloud, and multicloud. The last ten years or so has been a push for "cloud-first," but any wholesale approach to "X-first" (cloud, edge, digital, etc.) is problematic. We discuss why. We also explore strategies for CTOs, IT managers, and engineers on how to grapple with cloud strategy, implementation, and operation.

Day Two Cloud 184: Think Multiplatform, Not Multicloud

Today on Day Two Cloud we put on our thinking caps about platforms, cloud, and multicloud. The last ten years or so has been a push for "cloud-first," but any wholesale approach to "X-first" (cloud, edge, digital, etc.) is problematic. We discuss why. We also explore strategies for CTOs, IT managers, and engineers on how to grapple with cloud strategy, implementation, and operation.

The post Day Two Cloud 184: Think Multiplatform, Not Multicloud appeared first on Packet Pushers.

Troubleshoot RDS connectivity issues with Ansible validated content

rds validated content blog

The Ansible validated content cloud.aws_troubleshooting introduces a role named troubleshoot_rds_connectivity. This role helps you troubleshoot AWS Relational Database Service (RDS) connectivity issues from an EC2 instance.

The role diagnoses connectivity issues between an EC2 instance and an Amazon Relational Database Service instance by ensuring that the RDS instance is available and checking the associated security group rules, network access control lists, and route tables for potential connectivity issues.

To do this, the role will need the EC2 instance identifier to test connectivity from the RDS instance identifier to connect to.

Let's see how this can be used with the following example.

 

Configuration

We have an RDS instance and an EC2 instance running in the same VPC (virtual private cloud) with the CIDR block 10.1.0.0/16.

The RDS instance is running on two subnets with the following CIDR blocks 10.1.1.0/24 and 10.1.2.0/24.

The EC2 instance is running in another subnet in the VPC with the CIDR block 10.1.10.0/24. The EC2 instance has been assigned the following private IP address 10.1.10.41.

In the initial configuration, a security group is attached to the VPC with the following Continue reading

The Arrival of AI Networking at Petascale

The Arrival of AI Networking at Petascale

The AI industry has taken us by storm, bringing supercomputers, algorithms, data processing and training methods into the mainstream. The rapid ramp of large language inference models combined with Open AI's ChatGPT has captured the interest and imagination of people worldwide. Generative AI applications promise benefits to just about every industry. New types of AI applications are expected to improve productivity on a wide range of tasks, be it marketing image creation for ads, video games or customer support. These generative large language models with over 100 billion parameters are advancing the power of AI applications and deployments. Furthermore, Moore's law is pushing silicon geometries of TPU/GPU processors that connect 100 to 400 to 800 gigabits of network throughput with parallel processing and bandwidth capacity to match.

HS041 Intelligent Network Automation With BackBox – Sponsored

We talk a lot about automation and orchestration and how they can change your network strategy and smooth network workflows. But not everybody wants to sit around writing code and building test labs. Greg and Johna talk with Josh Stephens and Chanoch Marmorstein from sponsor BackBox about its network automation software, how it fits into a network operations strategy, and how BackBox focuses on the network engineer.

HS041 Intelligent Network Automation With BackBox – Sponsored

We talk a lot about automation and orchestration and how they can change your network strategy and smooth network workflows. But not everybody wants to sit around writing code and building test labs. Greg and Johna talk with Josh Stephens and Chanoch Marmorstein from sponsor BackBox about its network automation software, how it fits into a network operations strategy, and how BackBox focuses on the network engineer.

The post HS041 Intelligent Network Automation With BackBox – Sponsored appeared first on Packet Pushers.

Network simulators for high-school teachers

Educators in secondary schools, who teach students aged 14 to 18, have unique needs for a network simulator. Most would require a simulator or emulator that offers a web interface so students can access it from a web browser running on a Chromebook or iPad. Ideally, the simulator should enable educators to demonstrate fundamental networking topics without requiring students to spend too much time learning to use the tool or to configure virtual network appliances in the tool.

Most of the projects listed below animate the basic functions of a communications network in a way that is easier for young students to understand. While they may not be interesting to a networking professional, these network simulators solve problems that educators may have.

Free and open-source simulators

The following set of network simulators is free and open source. The first two projects, CS4G and ENS, are available via a web browser. The last open-source project, Filius, is a standalone application that must be installed on a student’s computer.

CS4G Network Simulator

CS4G Netsim is a Web-based network simulator for teaching hacking to high-schoolers. It demonstrates some basic security issues that Internet users should be aware of.

The source code Continue reading

Feedback: Microsoft Azure Networking

Numerous networking engineers found my cloud webinars (AWS, Azure) useful when preparing for a cloud migration project. Here’s what one of them wrote:

We are beginning to migrate some of our offerings to Microsoft Azure and I need to get up to speed with Azure products. I found this webinar very informative, and Ivan explained the concepts in a clear manner and easy to follow along. I would recommend watching these webinars and then read Microsoft documentation to get a thorough understanding.

Want to have some hands-on work sprinkled on top of that? You’ll find deployment examples in the Networking in Public Clouds GitHub repository.

Feedback: Microsoft Azure Networking

Numerous networking engineers found my cloud webinars (AWS, Azure) useful when preparing for a cloud migration project. Here’s what one of them wrote:

We are beginning to migrate some of our offerings to Microsoft Azure and I need to get up to speed with Azure products. I found this webinar very informative, and Ivan explained the concepts in a clear manner and easy to follow along. I would recommend watching these webinars and then read Microsoft documentation to get a thorough understanding.

Want to have some hands-on work sprinkled on top of that? You’ll find deployment examples in the Networking in Public Clouds GitHub repository.

Move Over ChatGPT, Meta Platforms LLaMA Makes Some Drama

Large language models, also known as AI foundation models and part of a broader category of AI transformer models, have been growing at an exponential pace in terms of the number of parameters they can process and the amount of compute and memory bandwidth capacity they require. …

Move Over ChatGPT, Meta Platforms LLaMA Makes Some Drama was written by Timothy Prickett Morgan at The Next Platform.

Ask JJX: What About the KeePass Vulnerability?

In the midst of LastPass’s repeated barrage of breaches, a pretty serious vulnerability was found in another common password manager — KeePass. This slid under most of our radars, including mine. Professor Cyber Naught of the Mastodons suggested I comment on the situation. I’m so glad he brought this up, because it highlights several critical […]

The post Ask JJX: What About the KeePass Vulnerability? appeared first on Packet Pushers.

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