Self-hosted videos with HLS
Note
This article was first published on Exoscale blog with some minor modifications.
Hosting videos on YouTube is convenient for several reasons: pretty good player, free bandwidth, mobile-friendly, network effect and, at your discretion, no ads.1 On the other hand, this is one of the less privacy-friendly solution. Most other providers share the same characteristics—except the ability to disable ads for free.
With the <video> tag, self-hosting a video is
simple:2
<video controls> <source src="../videos/big_buck_bunny.webm" type="video/webm"> <source src="../videos/big_buck_bunny.mp4" type="video/mp4"> </video>
However, while it is possible to provide a different videos depending on the screen width, adapting the video to the available bandwidth is trickier. There are two solutions:
- HLS (RFC 8216, informational), and
- MPEG-DASH (ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014).
They are both adaptive bitrate streaming protocols: the video is sliced in small segments and made available at a variety of different bitrates. Depending on current network conditions, the player automatically selects the appropriate bitrate to download the next segment.
HLS was initially implemented by Apple but is now also supported Continue reading
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