This is a new series that will cover Cisco’s Software Defined Access architecture/solution over time. There are several moving pieces to this - in this post, we’re going to start with a key component, which is LISP.
This is another post about the mess that is Linux audio. To follow along you may want to read the previous one first.
This time I want to create a virtual audio cable. That is, I want one application to be able to select a “speaker”, which then another application can use as a “microphone”.
The reason for this is that I want to use GNURadio to decode multiple channels at the same time, and route the audio from the channels differently. Specifically my goal is to usy my ICom 7300 in IF mode (which gives me 12kHz of audio bandwidth) tuned to both the FT8 and JS8 HF frequencies, and then let wsjtx listen on a virtual sound card carrying FT8, and JS8Call listen to a virtual sound card carrying JS8.
We could use modprobe snd_aloop to create loopback ALSA devices in
the kernel. But I’ve found that to be counter intuitive, buggy, and
incompatible (not everything application supports the idea of
subdevices). It also requires root, obviously. So this is best solved
in user space, since it turns out it’s actually possible to do so.
Another way to say this is Continue reading
If your workstation is using full-disk encryption, you may want to jump directly to your desktop environment after entering the passphrase to decrypt the disk. Many display managers like GDM and LightDM have an autologin feature. However, only GDM can run Xorg with standard user privileges.
Here is an alternative using startx and a systemd service:
[Unit] Description=X11 session for bernat After=graphical.target systemd-user-sessions.service [Service] User=bernat WorkingDirectory=~ PAMName=login Environment=XDG_SESSION_TYPE=x11 TTYPath=/dev/tty8 StandardInput=tty UnsetEnvironment=TERM UtmpIdentifier=tty8 UtmpMode=user StandardOutput=journal ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chvt 8 ExecStart=/usr/bin/startx -- vt8 -keeptty -verbose 3 -logfile /dev/null Restart=no [Install] WantedBy=graphical.target
Let me explain each block:
The unit starts after systemd-user-sessions.service, which enables
user logins after boot by removing the /run/nologin file.
With User=bernat, the unit is started with the identity of the
specified user. This implies that Xorg does not run with elevated
privileges.
With PAMName=login, the executed process is registered as a PAM
session for the login service, which includes pam_systemd.
This module registers the session to the systemd login manager.
To Continue reading
Hello dear friend,
Another year is ending. It was not easy for many of us neither in professional nor in personal matters. Despite that, we still hope it was successful for you, as much as the year, when we spend a lot of time in lockdown and insolation, can be successful.
We sincerely wish you all the best in thew New 2022 Year!
– There will be challenges, but you are strong enough to overcome them.
– There will be storms, but you have your goals and you won’t get lost.
– There will be issues, but you have network automation to solve routine and leave your time for what matters.
Be healthy. Be lucky. Be happy.
Stay connected, we appreciate it a lot, dear friend.
And if you need any help, always feel free to reach us.
Your Team Karneliuk
If you have access to the internet, it’s likely that you have already heard of the critical vulnerability in the Log4j library. A zero-day vulnerability in the Java library Log4j, with the assigned CVE code of CVE-2021-44228, has been disclosed by Chen Zhaojun, a security researcher in the Alibaba Cloud Security team. It’s got people worried—and with good reason.
This is a serious flaw that needs to be addressed right away, since it can result in remote code execution (RCE) in many cases. By now, I have seen many creative ways in which this can be used to infiltrate or disturb services. The right solution is to identify and patch your vulnerable Log4j installations to the fixed versions as soon as possible. If you are using Log4j, make sure you are following this page where you can find the latest news about the vulnerability.
What else should you be doing, though, for this and similar exploits? In this blog post, I’ll look at the impact of the vulnerability in a Kubernetes cluster, and share a couple of ways that you can prevent such vulnerabilities in the future.
On its own, the Log4j vulnerability Continue reading
About six months ago I purchased an OWC Thunderbolt 3 Dock to replace my Anker PowerElite Thunderbolt 3 Dock (see my review here). While there was nothing necessarily wrong with the Anker PowerElite, it lacked a digital audio port that I could use to send audio to a soundbar positioned under my monitor. (I’d grown accustomed to using a soundbar when my 2012 Mac Pro was my primary workstation.) In this post, I’ll provide a brief review of the OWC Thunderbolt 3 Dock.
Note that I’m posting this as a customer. I paid for the dock with my own money, and I have not received any compensation of any kind from anyone for this review.
The OWC Thunderbolt 3 Dock feels well-built, but is larger than the Anker PowerElite. To be frank, I think I prefer the smaller footprint of the Anker PowerElite, but the added ports available on the OWC Thunderbolt Dock sealed the deal for me. Your priorities may be different, of course.
As one might expect, setup was truly “plug-and-play.” I connected all my peripherals to the dock—see below for the list of what I use on a regular basis—and then plugged Continue reading
As targeting data centers, which mainly run workloads on Linux, has proven to be a very lucrative target for cyber criminals, Linux malware has become increasingly prevalent. Although still an emerging threat that’s somewhat less complex than its Windows counterpart, analysis of Linux malware remains challenging due to lack of analysis tools in the Linux world.
Luckily, both the Linux kernel and the Linux ecosystem provide a set of capabilities and tools that, when combined, potentially allow for the creation of malware analysis frameworks as powerful as those available on Windows.
This blog details what can be achieved by leveraging tools and an analysis pipeline specifically tailored for Linux, and introduces our Distributed Analysis for Research and Threat Hunting
(DARTH) framework. We provide a high-level overview of the framework, including core components and modules, as well as the design requirements that have led our research efforts in this area. We then discuss Tracer, a dynamic analysis module used in DARTH to collect various behaviors during malware execution in a controlled environment.
As part of our research, we often find ourselves running new types of analysis on large collections of malicious samples; building a scalable Continue reading
In 2021, we continued to live with the effects of the COVID pandemic and Internet traffic was also impacted by it. Although learning and exercising may have started to get back to something close to normal (depending on the country), the effects of what started almost two years ago on the way people work and communicate seems to be here to stay, and the lockdowns or restrictions continue to have an impact on where and how people go online.
So, Cloudflare Radar's 2021 Year In Review is out with interactive maps and charts you can use to explore what changed on the Internet throughout this past year. Year In Review is part of Cloudflare Radar. We launched Radar in September 2020 to give anyone access to Internet use and abuse trends.
This year we’ve added a mobile vs desktop traffic chart, but also the attack distribution that shows the evolution throughout the year — the beginning of July 2021, more than a month after the famous Colonial Pipeline cyberattack, was the time of the year when attacks worldwide peaked.
There are also interesting pandemic-related trends like the (lack) of Internet activity in Tokyo with the Summer Olympics in town and Continue reading
Note: This Post was written by Fish’s Mom, Dr Patricia Fishburne It was decided. Stokes would stay at Ohio State University and work on his ongoing experiment for his Ph.D. in Aeronautical Engineering while I flew to New Jersey for... Read More ›
The post “My First Flight: Dec 16th, 1960” appeared first on Networking with FISH.
Perimeter-only security controls are just not sufficient to address sophisticated attacks on mission-critical infrastructure. VMware NSX pioneered the “micro-segmentation” approach, in which granular security controls enable Zero-Trust Security. With micro-segmentation, each individual workload inside the network receives unprecedented protection from attacks originating from both external as well as internal threat actors. One of the primary reasons for NSX’s instant success in the industry was the fact that deploying Zero-Trust security across the infrastructure is quite easy and effectively mitigates malicious lateral movement with L4 and L7 Application controls. With the NSX 3.2 release, we are further simplifying the NSX Security deployment experience.
This blog captures why deploying NSX for micro-segmentation is already a simple experience, and how NSX 3.2 further simplifies that experience. Specifically, the following two key capabilities will be covered:
From the initial days of VMware NSX, we strongly believed that achieving micro-segmentation should not come at the cost of complexity.
If you ask our customers, this is why they love NSX: